Hancock week 1, zoonosis, parasitology, mycosis Flashcards
Malaria transmission
anapheles mosquitos
Malaria Cause
plasmodium falciparum
Severe Malaria SX
unarousable coma/cerebral malaria, renal failure no imp with hydration
Peripheral smear findings
thick tells you detection of parasites
thin: identification of species
Malaria poor prognosis SX
marked agitation, respiratory distress, bleeding spontaneously, anuria, hypothermic,
Chloroquine
lots of resistance only use when patient going to Haiti
Mefloquine
taken 1x a week start 2-3 wks before to weed of psych effects travel and continue 4 wks after. Use for long travel periods (missionaries)
Doxycycline
cheap commonly available take everyday up to 4 wks after return from travel Side effects: photosensitivity/ GI
malarone
atovaquine + proguanil
take everyday start 2 days before entering the country and continue for 7 days after leaving the country. EXPENSIVE CI: renal dz and pregnancy. Hancock uses this plus doxy.
Malaria Management
therapy based on plasmodium Consult w/ CDC
Uncomplicated Malaria TX
Artemether +lumefantrine
Malaria Haiti TX
Chloroquine
Primaquine
can cause hemolytic anemia d/t G6PD or fava beans.
Severe Malaria TX
Artesunate IV
Schistosomiasis causative agents
snail fever schistosoma species
Schistosomiasis transmission
blood flukes entering skin from contaminated water
Schistosomiasis Katayama fever
occurs with S mansoni and S japanicum. bright red poop, vesicular rash
Diagnostic testins Schistosomiasis
esonophillia
Tx Schistomisasis
Praziquantel
Toxoplasmosis causative agent
toxoplasma gondii
Toxoplasmosis transmission
cat feces
Toxoplasmosis Congenital vertical transmission
highest risk in the third trimesters eye issues
Toxoplasmosis congenital infection early
early fetal infections the body makes an abortion,
Congenital infection late
Retinochroiditis MC late finding and worse
Management of toxoplasmosis
pyrimethamine
Pregnant mom and toxoplasmosis
wear a mask and gloves when changing litter box, wash pork and fruits properly
Scabies findings
scaroptes scabiei. intense itch, serpentious tract, burrow scabies
flea bite difference from scabies
more disctinit lesions
Scabies tx
permethirin 5% cream repeat 1-2 wks
lice tx lindane 1% ADE
nuerotoxic side effects
pediculosis
transmission: hat, towewls, combs
Body lice complication
body louse caries epidemic typhus
How can you find lice
Woods lamp
how do you know if you have bedbugs?
get the bug get the rash
bedbugs management long term
malathion
Ascariasis causative agent
ascaris lumbricoides
transmission way of ascariasis
fecal oral
ascariasis tx
ivermectin
Pinworms sx
itchy butt
Pinworms mate site
adult male and female mate in the terminal ileocecal region tx: scotch tape test
pin worm Tx
pyrantel pamoate, proper hygiene treat 2 weeks apart
Hook worm necatoriasis
dermal to exposure to fecal contaminated soil
necatoriasis findings
iron deficiency micorcytic anemia, loss or protein
necatoriasis tx
tx with iron pills d/t deficiency
cysticercosis pork tapewrom
taenia slium (pork)
pork tapeworms finidngs
seizures, ring enhnced lesions in mri, egggs in teh stool
Pork tapeworms tx
Praziquantel prevention: sanitation and proper hygiene
beef tapewrom causative agent
taenia saginata
Trichinellosis transmission
trichinella spiralis eating uncooked pork
Trichinelosis cause of death
myocardidtis rare but causes death
Rocky mountain spotted fever
ricketssa richetssi
transmission of spotted fever
tick bites animal bites you then you get this rash
Rocky mountain spotted fever rash
centripital inward rash starts at wrists then comes in affects soles of feet
Rocky mountain spotted fever to
doxycicline 100 mg x7 days
Prevention of rocky mountain fever
wear clothes
Lyme Dz causative agent
borrelia Bugdoferi spirochete
Vector of Lyme dz
tick related
Lyme stages Stage 1
bulls eye lesion, erythema migrans
Lyme stage2
cranial neuropathy bilateral bell spalsy caridaca AV block
Lyme stage 3
neurologic manifestations chronic fatigue, chronic arhtritis
Lyme Diagnosis
HX AND TX!!!
lYM dZ CAN TEST POSTIIVE FOR CYPHILIS
So do VDRL test
Lyme Dz Tx
Oral doxycicline x21 days CI in pregnancy Kids under 8 d/t staining of teeth
amoxocillion and cefuroxime- increase therapy 30-60 days if neuro involvment
causative agents of Tularemia
francisella tularensis
Tularemia reservoir
rodents parie dogs
Tularemia Ulcerglandular
Most common kind of tularemia
oculoglandular tularemia
touched ur eye ulcerations in the conjuctiva after you killed the praire dog you touch yourself
Talareumia pnuemonia
30% likley hood of death hlar lymphnodanenopathy “lawn mover tularemia” mowed dead rabiit
TX Tularemia
streptomyocin, or gentamycin
Tularemia BW agent
developed resistant strains for war
Ocular tularemia Hallmark
prearicular LAD
Relapsing fever
fever comes and goes and fever and come chill and flush phase
Relapsing fevers complications
pregnancy complications, iritis, uveitis
Relapsing fever tx
Doxycicline
causative agent of Dengue Fever
dengue fever, flaviviridae
Dengue fever manifestations
retroorbital headache, malaisse, rash, shock, saddleback pattern where it gets better then worse
Dengue phases
febrile, critical, recovery
Febrile phase
fever, HA, rash, easy bleeidng, + torniquete test petichae
Critical phase Dengue hemorrhagic fever phase
massive bullae gi hemmrhage, ulcerations, dengue shock syndrome may occur
Dengue recovery phase
rash of white islands in the sea of red
Dengue fever management
supportive, avoid NSAIDS D/T Thrombocytopenia
Causative agent of Zika
aedes aegypti
Zika manifestations
mosquito borne illness, rash starting at teh face and spreading out
Zika clinical manifestations in pregnancy
microcephaly shrinking of the head and brain defect
Zika and semen
zika can be detected in semen up to 3-6 mo after initial infection
Zika diagnosis
serology testing avoid nsaids until dengue is ruled out
Zika prevention
avoid mosquitos, sex, use condoms 8 weeks after travel, vertical mom to fetus transtion
Ebola Hemorrhagic fever causative agent
ebola virus reservoir fruit bats
Geographic area of Ebola
africa west and central
Transmission of ebola
humans and primates w/ high mortality