haloalkanes rxns 1

Question 1

nuclear halogenation

Answer 1

an. Al Cl3

Question 2

sandmayers reaction and diazolization rxn

Answer 2

2. HCl ( 273-278K)
3. CuCl2/ HCl

Question 3

iodo benzene

Answer 3

shake the diazonium salt with KI solution.

• warm

Question 4

fluorobenzene ( balz- Schiemann rxn)

Answer 4

fluoroboric acid

Question 5

Gatter mann’s rxn

Answer 5

Cu powder and HCl

Question 6

substitution by hydroxyl group

Answer 6

RX + KOH (aq)/AgOH

Question 7

Substitution by Cyano group

Answer 7

• KCN is ionic and forms strong C-C bonds
• AgCN, covalent bond, C is attatched to Ag so only N is free and forms isocyanide.

RX + KCNalc) –> (good method)
RX + AgCN

Question 8

3 rxns with CH3CN

Answer 8

1. KCN
2. H+/H2O
   H+/NaOH
   LiAlH4

Question 9

Mendius rxn

Answer 9

CH3CN + H2 –> Ch3-Ch2-NH2
(Na and C2H5OH)

Question 10

Hoffman’s amoolysis rxn

Question 11

substitution by NO2 group

Answer 11

Ch3-ch3-br + AgNO2 –>Ch3-ch2-No2 + AgBr

Ch3-Ch2-Br + KNo2 –> Ch2-Ch2-ONO + KBr

Question 12

Substitution by ester group

Answer 12

CH3-C=o (O0 Ag + X-R –> Ch3-C=O (O) R

• C2H5OH

Question 13

beta elimination

Question 14

rxn with metals
RX + Mg –>

Answer 14

RX + Mg –> R- Mg-X
dry ether
wurtz rxn

Question 15

reduction

Answer 15

H2 Pt/Pd/Ni
Zu/Cu couple 2[H]
Red phosphorous 420K

Question 16

Rearrangement rxn

Answer 16

an. AlCl3

Question 17

dow’s process

Answer 17

chlorobenzene + NaOH –(663K, 300atm)–> Ona benzene —> dil HCL phenol +NaCl

Question 18

substitution by NH2 grp benzene

Answer 18

clorobenzene + 2NH3 –Cu2O , 475K, 60atm–> 2aniline + Cu2Cl2 + H2O

Question 19

Substitution by CN group

Answer 19

chlorobenzene + CuCN -(pyridine, 475K–> CN benzene

Question 20

methods to prep alkyl chlorides

Answer 20

1. HCl & ZnCl2
2. PCl5
3. PCl3
4. SOCl2

Question 21

prep alkyl chlorides
from alkanes

Answer 21

h neu

Question 22

prep alkyl chlorides
from alkenes

Answer 22

markonikoff’s rule

Question 23

prep vicinal alkyl dichlorides
from alkenes

Answer 23

Cl2 + CCl4

Question 24

Finkelstein rxn

Answer 24

RX + NaI –>RI + NaX

dry acetone and reflux

Question 25

Swartz rxn

Answer 25

RX + Hg2F2 –> RF + HgX

• CoF2, SbF3, AgF

Question 26

Hunsdieker rxn

Answer 26

CH2COOAg + Br2 –> CH3Br + AgBr + CO2

CCl4
and heat

Question 27

CN rxns 3 rxns

Answer 27

1. Partial Conc. HCl (CONH2)
2. complete dil.HCl (COOH)
3. Red LiAlH4 (CH3-NH2)

Question 28

Rxn with active metals

Answer 28

Mg
dry ether

Question 29

wurtz rxn

Question 30

wurtz fitting rxn

Question 31

fittig rxn

Question 32

wilmann rxn

Answer 32

cu
heat

Question 33

reduction

Answer 33

2H
Ni-Al
NaOH