Hallmarks of Cancer

Question 1

What are the 8 hallmarks of cancer?

Answer 1

1. Self-sufficiency in growth signals
2. Insensitivity to anti-growth signals
3. Evading apoptosis
4. Limitless reproductive potential
5. Sustained angiogenesis
6. Tissue invasion and metastasis
7. Evading immune system
8. Deregulated cellular metabolism

Question 2

The activation of which oncogene may give rise to self-sufficiency of growth signals in cancer cells?

Answer 2

Activation of H-Ras oncogene

Question 3

The loss of which tumour suppressor gene may give rise to insensitivity to antigrowth signals in cancer cells?

Answer 3

Loss of the retinoblastoma suppressor gene

Question 4

The loss of which tumour suppressor gene may give rise to the ability to evade apoptosis in cancer cells?

Answer 4

Loss of TP53

Question 5

What is an oncogene?

Answer 5

A cancer inducing gene that can transform cels

Question 6

What is a tumour suppressor gene?

Answer 6

a gene whose partial or complete inactivation, occurring in either the germ line or the genome of a somatic cells, leads to the increased likelihood of cancer developing. These genes are responsible for constraining cell proliferation.