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Signs & Symptoms > Hallmarks > Flashcards

Hallmarks Flashcards

1
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

A

Barrel Chest
(Lungs are chronically overinflated with air, so the rib cage stays partially expanded)

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2
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Pyloric Stenosis

A

Olive shaped mass
(Enlarged or thickened pylorus muscle)

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3
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Systematic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

A

Butterfly rash
(Immune system response after UV light exposure)

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4
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Addison’s disease

A

Bronze tinged skin color
(Excess ACTH on melanocytes produced by melanin)

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5
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Graves’ disease

A

Exophthalmus
(Forward displacement of the eye that causes bulging or protruding)

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6
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Intussusception

A

Sausage-shaped mass

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7
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Pernicious Anemia

A

Beefy, red tongue

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8
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Kawasaki disease

A

Strawberry tongue
(Lips become dry and cracked. Tongue have rough and red spots)

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9
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Cushing syndrome

A

Buffalo hump
(Increase glucocorticoid levels = increase adipose tissues)

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10
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Raynaud’s syndrome

A

Cyanosis
(Blood vessels narrow when exposed to cold and stress)

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11
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Cardiac Tamponade

A

Beck’s triad

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12
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Deep Vein Thrombosis

A

Homan’s sign
(Dorsiflexion sign test)

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13
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Emphysema

A

Barrel chest

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14
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Pneumonia

A

Rust-colored sputum

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15
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Appendicitis

A

Rovsing’s sign
(Pressure on LLQ causes pain on the RLQ)

Positive McBurney’s sign
(Pain when palpating the McBurney’s point)

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16
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

A

Heart Burn

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17
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Pancreatitis

A

Cullen’s sign
(Superficial edema with bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the peri-umbilical region)

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18
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Diabetes Melitus

A

Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia

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19
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Parkinson’s disease

A

Tremor: pin-rolling tremor

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20
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Increase Intracranial Pressure (ICP)

A

Cushing’s triad

21
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Meningitis

A

Positive Kernig’s sign
(Resistance/pain during extension of patient’s knees)

Positive Brudzinski sign
(Severe neck stiffness causes patient’s hips and knees to flex when neck is flexed)

22
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Placenta previa

A

Painless, bright red bleeding

23
Q

Hallmark s/sx of abruptio placenta

A

Dark red bleeding

24
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Cystic fibrosis

A

High Na and Cl in sweat

25
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

A

Projectile vomiting
(Vomit with more force than usual)

Olive shaped mass

26
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Croup

A

Barking-like cough

27
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Hirschsprung’s disease

A

Ribbon-like stool

28
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Pulmonary tuberculosis

A

Low grade afternoon fever

29
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Asthma

A

Wheezing on Expiration

30
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Down syndrome

A

Protruding tongue

31
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Cholera

A

Rice watery stool

32
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Malaria

A

Stepladder fever with chills

33
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Myocardial Infarction

A

Pain - crushing substernal pain that radiates to the left arm, jaw or back

34
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Angina

A

Crushing pain (relieved by Nitroglycerin)

35
Q

Hallmark s/sx of pneumothorax

A

Absent breath sounds on affected side

36
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Acromegaly

A

Large hands and feet
Husky-sounding voice

37
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

A

Kussmaul’s Respiration
(Rapid, deep breathing at a consistent pace)

38
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Myasthenia Gravis

A

Ptosis

39
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Guillain-Barre Syndrome

A

Ascending muscle weakness (Ground to Brain)

40
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Gestational Hypertension

A

High BP after 20 weeks gestation with no proteinuria

41
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Preeclampsia

A

Hypertension + proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation

42
Q

Hallmark s/sx of atrial flutter

A

Sawtooth P wave

43
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Atrial Fibrillation

A

Fibrillatory waves before QRS complex

44
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Ventricular tachycardia

A

Mountain peaks

45
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Sinus Bradycardia

A

Rate is less than 60 bpm

46
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Sinus Tachycardia

A

Rate is more than 100 bpm

47
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Epiglottitis

A

Drooling, tripod position

48
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Tetralogy of Fallot

A

Cyanosis especially during feeding

49
Q

Hallmark s/sx of Scarlet fever

A

Strawberry tongue, fine red rash feels like sandpaper

Signs & Symptoms (2 decks)

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