Hallmarks

Question 1

Hallmark s/sx of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Answer 1

Barrel Chest
(Lungs are chronically overinflated with air, so the rib cage stays partially expanded)

Question 2

Hallmark s/sx of Pyloric Stenosis

Answer 2

Olive shaped mass
(Enlarged or thickened pylorus muscle)

Question 3

Hallmark s/sx of Systematic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 3

Butterfly rash
(Immune system response after UV light exposure)

Question 4

Hallmark s/sx of Addison’s disease

Answer 4

Bronze tinged skin color
(Excess ACTH on melanocytes produced by melanin)

Question 5

Hallmark s/sx of Graves’ disease

Answer 5

Exophthalmus
(Forward displacement of the eye that causes bulging or protruding)

Question 6

Hallmark s/sx of Intussusception

Answer 6

Sausage-shaped mass

Question 7

Hallmark s/sx of Pernicious Anemia

Answer 7

Beefy, red tongue

Question 8

Hallmark s/sx of Kawasaki disease

Answer 8

Strawberry tongue
(Lips become dry and cracked. Tongue have rough and red spots)

Question 9

Hallmark s/sx of Cushing syndrome

Answer 9

Buffalo hump
(Increase glucocorticoid levels = increase adipose tissues)

Question 10

Hallmark s/sx of Raynaud’s syndrome

Answer 10

Cyanosis
(Blood vessels narrow when exposed to cold and stress)

Question 11

Hallmark s/sx of Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 11

Beck’s triad

Question 12

Hallmark s/sx of Deep Vein Thrombosis

Answer 12

Homan’s sign
(Dorsiflexion sign test)

Question 13

Hallmark s/sx of Emphysema

Answer 13

Barrel chest

Question 14

Hallmark s/sx of Pneumonia

Answer 14

Rust-colored sputum

Question 15

Hallmark s/sx of Appendicitis

Answer 15

Rovsing’s sign
(Pressure on LLQ causes pain on the RLQ)

Positive McBurney’s sign
(Pain when palpating the McBurney’s point)

Question 16

Hallmark s/sx of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Answer 16

Heart Burn

Question 17

Hallmark s/sx of Pancreatitis

Answer 17

Cullen’s sign
(Superficial edema with bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the peri-umbilical region)

Question 18

Hallmark s/sx of Diabetes Melitus

Answer 18

Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia

Question 19

Hallmark s/sx of Parkinson’s disease

Answer 19

Tremor: pin-rolling tremor

Question 20

Hallmark s/sx of Increase Intracranial Pressure (ICP)

Answer 20

Cushing’s triad

Question 21

Hallmark s/sx of Meningitis

Answer 21

Positive Kernig’s sign
(Resistance/pain during extension of patient’s knees)

Positive Brudzinski sign
(Severe neck stiffness causes patient’s hips and knees to flex when neck is flexed)

Question 22

Hallmark s/sx of Placenta previa

Answer 22

Painless, bright red bleeding

Question 23

Hallmark s/sx of abruptio placenta

Answer 23

Dark red bleeding

Question 24

Hallmark s/sx of Cystic fibrosis

Answer 24

High Na and Cl in sweat

Question 25

Hallmark s/sx of Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

Answer 25

Projectile vomiting (Vomit with more force than usual) Olive shaped mass

Question 26

Hallmark s/sx of Croup

Answer 26

Barking-like cough

Question 27

Hallmark s/sx of Hirschsprung’s disease

Answer 27

Ribbon-like stool

Question 28

Hallmark s/sx of Pulmonary tuberculosis

Answer 28

Low grade afternoon fever

Question 29

Hallmark s/sx of Asthma

Answer 29

Wheezing on Expiration

Question 30

Hallmark s/sx of Down syndrome

Answer 30

Protruding tongue

Question 31

Hallmark s/sx of Cholera

Answer 31

Rice watery stool

Question 32

Hallmark s/sx of Malaria

Answer 32

Stepladder fever with chills

Question 33

Hallmark s/sx of Myocardial Infarction

Answer 33

Pain - crushing substernal pain that radiates to the left arm, jaw or back

Question 34

Hallmark s/sx of Angina

Answer 34

Crushing pain (relieved by Nitroglycerin)

Question 35

Hallmark s/sx of pneumothorax

Answer 35

Absent breath sounds on affected side

Question 36

Hallmark s/sx of Acromegaly

Answer 36

Large hands and feet Husky-sounding voice

Question 37

Hallmark s/sx of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Answer 37

Kussmaul’s Respiration (Rapid, deep breathing at a consistent pace)

Question 38

Hallmark s/sx of Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 38

Ptosis

Question 39

Hallmark s/sx of Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Answer 39

Ascending muscle weakness (Ground to Brain)

Question 40

Hallmark s/sx of Gestational Hypertension

Answer 40

High BP after 20 weeks gestation with no proteinuria

Question 41

Hallmark s/sx of Preeclampsia

Answer 41

Hypertension + proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation

Question 42

Hallmark s/sx of atrial flutter

Answer 42

Sawtooth P wave

Question 43

Hallmark s/sx of Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 43

Fibrillatory waves before QRS complex

Question 44

Hallmark s/sx of Ventricular tachycardia

Answer 44

Mountain peaks

Question 45

Hallmark s/sx of Sinus Bradycardia

Answer 45

Rate is less than 60 bpm

Question 46

Hallmark s/sx of Sinus Tachycardia

Answer 46

Rate is more than 100 bpm

Question 47

Hallmark s/sx of Epiglottitis

Answer 47

Drooling, tripod position

Question 48

Hallmark s/sx of Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 48

Cyanosis especially during feeding

Question 49

Hallmark s/sx of Scarlet fever

Answer 49

Strawberry tongue, fine red rash feels like sandpaper