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cosmetology > hair care & product knowledge > Flashcards

hair care & product knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

what are the six general cosmetic classifications?

A

solutions, suspensions, emulsions, ointments, soaps, and powders

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2
Q

Mixtures of two or more kinds of evenly dispersed molecules

A

solutions

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3
Q

A substance that dissolves into a liquid forms a solution

A

solute

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4
Q

A substance that is able to dissolve another substance

A

solvent

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5
Q

Liquids that are not able to be mixed

A

immersible

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6
Q

Liquids able to be mixed together without separating

A

miscible

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7
Q

What is known as the universal solvent?

A

water

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8
Q

What are the three classes of a solution?

A

dilute, concentrated, and saturated

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9
Q

What is a dilute solution?

A

contains a small quantity of the solute in comparison to the quality of solvent

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10
Q

What is a concentrated solution?

A

contains a large quantity of the solute in comparison to the quantity of solvent

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11
Q

What is a saturated solution?

A

Can’t take or dissolve more of the solute than it already holds at a given temperature

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12
Q

What is a suspension?

A

Mixtures of two or more molecules that separate when left, standing, and need to be shaken before use

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13
Q

What is an emulsion?

A

when two or more admissible substances are united by binder or gum like substance

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14
Q

What is an ointment?

A

mixtures of organic substances and medicinal agent; usually found in semi solid form

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15
Q

What are soaps?

A

mixtures of fats and oils converted to fatty acids by heat, and then purified

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16
Q

What are powders?

A

equal mixtures of inorganic and organic substances that do not dissolve in water

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17
Q

what do shampoos do?

A

clean scalp and hair to remove foreign matter without affecting scalp or hair

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18
Q

what are surfactants?

A

cleansing agents used to remove oil from hair and they consist of two parts

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19
Q

what is lipophilic?

A

The surfactant tail that loves grease and hates water

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20
Q

what is hydrophilic

A

The surfactant head that loves water and hates grease

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21
Q

what does biologically inactive mean?

A

The hair fiber beyond the scalp is dead

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22
Q

what is the natural pH of the hair and scalp?

A

4.5 to 5.5

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23
Q

what does hard water contain?

A

Salt and metals that prevent shampoo from lathering

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24
Q

what does soft water contain?

A

small amounts of minerals, and is preferred because it lather freely

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25
Q

what is the primary ingredient in most shampoos?

A

water

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26
Q

how much water makes up the human body?

A

60%

27
Q

what are the two methods for water purification?

A

Sedimentation and filtration

28
Q

what is sedimentation?

A

undesirable substances sink to the bottom; like sand

29
Q

what is filtration?

A

undesirable substances passed through a porous substance

30
Q

all purpose shampoos

A

Contain low, alkaline content, and cleanse without correcting any special condition

31
Q

pH balanced shampoos

A

Formulated to have the same pH as hair and skin and used on almost all hair types

32
Q

plain shampoo

A

contains high, alkaline soap, base; usually strong; not recommended for chemically treated or damaged hair

33
Q

Soapless shampoo

A

Lather without harsh alkaline ingredients; effective in both soft and hard water

34
Q

medicated shampoo

A

Contains ingredients to treat scalp and hair problems

35
Q

clarifying shampoo

A

Often has higher alkalinity to remove residue, chlorine, minerals, or product buildup. Often used before chemical services.

36
Q

anti-dandruff shampoo

A

Formulated for either dry or oily scalp. Contains an anti-fungal or germicide.

37
Q

strengthening protein additive shampoo

A

Cleanses and conditions; strengthens damaged areas of the hair by depositing protein fragments along the hair shaft

38
Q

aerosol dry shampoo

A

Used to expand time between shampoos and add texture; works by absorbing oil at the roots

39
Q

non-aerosol powder dry shampoo

A

Used to expand time between shampoos and ad texture; formulated for clients who are bedridden. Not for chemical service.

40
Q

liquid dry shampoo

A

Cleanses, scalp and hair when client is unable to receive normal shampoo. Effective in cleaning wigs and hairpieces.

41
Q

conditioning shampoo

A

contains additives that coat the cuticle layer of the hair, improve the tensile strength, elasticity, porosity, and result, and shine and manageability

42
Q

neutralizing shampoo

A

Restores the hair to its natural pH

43
Q

Color shampoo

A

Contains temporary color molecules that adhere to outer cuticle of the hair and deposit color

44
Q

thinning hair shampoo

A

Does not cause damage or weigh hair down; may contain ingredients to provide a healthy environment to maximize hair growth

45
Q

what can happen if shampoo is too alkaline (acidic)?

A

The hair fiber can swell

46
Q

What is cosmetic appearance?

A

luster or shine of the hair

47
Q

what is porosity?

A

Ability of hair to avoid moisture, liquids, or chemicals

48
Q

what is manageability?

A

How easily a comb can pass through wet or dry hair

49
Q

what is elasticity?

A

Ability of hair to stretch and return to natural shape without breaking

50
Q

how far can healthy hair be stretched, when wet?

A

50%

51
Q

how far can a healthy hair be stretched when dry?

A

20%

52
Q

what are rinses?

A

they affect mostly the surface of the hair and are usually applied to the hair and rinse off immediately; they are applied to the hair to help close the cuticle, and make her feel soft and manageable

53
Q

what does instant conditioner do?

A

It coats, hair, shaft, and restores, moisture and oils

54
Q

what does normalizing conditioner do?

A

The acidity causes cuticle to close after alkaline chemical service

55
Q

what is a bodybuilding conditioner?

A

It penetrates damaged hair shaft amd deposits proteins into cortex

56
Q

what does moisturizing conditioner do?

A

it contains humectants that penetrate hair shaft to bind and hold moisture

57
Q

what does a customized conditioner do?

A

It’s formulated to meet special needs of clients

58
Q

what are most protein conditioners derived from?

A

Animal or vegetable minerals

59
Q

what are other additional ingredients found in conditioners

A

amines/quats (manageability), dimethicones, (softness) and fatty alcohols and acids (smoothness)

60
Q

when should a client use conditioners sparingly and only when necessary?

A

when they have fine, thin hair

61
Q

when should clients use a heavier conditioner?

A

When they have thick or curly hair

62
Q

when should clients use a leave-in in product?

A

when they need to control curl and waves

63
Q

which agency regulates cosmetics in the US?

A

FDA

64
Q

which has a book that list and standardizes drugs?

A

USP

cosmetology (1 decks)

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