Hair Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is anagen hair?

A

Growing phase cycle. 1-5 years.

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2
Q

What is telogen hair?

A

Resting phase cycle. 3 months.

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3
Q

In utero, babies molt both body hair and scalp hair twice…when?

A

22 weeks and 28 weeks

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4
Q

Occipital hair loss in a baby is due to what?

A

Loose hair from the molt is lost

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5
Q

T or F. Male hair grows faster than female hair.

A

F: it takes longer to grow a masterpiece.

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6
Q

T or F. Hair grows faster when the sun isn’t shining.

A

F: grows faster in the summer than winter.

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7
Q

What is the medical term for common baldness?

A

Androgenic Alopecia…so the common folk won’t know what we’re talking about.

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8
Q

What happens in androgenic alopecia?

A

Gradual miniaturization of hairs with transformation of large terminal follices to small vellus follicles which are invisible. Process is androgen dependent (dihydrotestosterone).

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9
Q

What is the pattern of androgenic alopecia in men?

A

Frontotemporal recession, vertex thinning, and loss of all scalp hair except occipital fringe. Visible in mirror early.

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10
Q

What is the pattern of androgenic alopecia in women?

A

Retain frontal hairlines but have decreased density on their crowns. When ya ladies gettin ya hurrr did, ya girl holla at ya and be like you’s losin that hurrrr girl.

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11
Q

What is the average age onset of baldness in women?

A

25-35 years old (about a decade later than males)

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12
Q

Female presents with alopecia but in a male type pattern. What do you do?

A

Check DHEAS and testosterone levels

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13
Q

What is the inheritance mode of androgenic alopecia?

A

Autosomal dominant or multifactorial inheritance

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14
Q

What is the treatment for androgenic alopecia?

A

-Minoxidil (Rogaine) -Finasteride (Propecia): antiandrogen -Hair transplant

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15
Q

What does topical minoxidil do?

A

Increases hair density either by induction of anagen or an increase in anagen duration. Also increases hair diameter.

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16
Q

Which % of minoxidil do you give men? Women?

A

2% or 5% to men…5% shown to work better. Only give 2% to women because they can’t handle that 5% juice.

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17
Q

What is the MOA of Finasteride (Propecia)?

A

Inhibits Type II 5 alpha reductase which converts androgen testosterone into 5 alpha dihydrotestosterone. Propecia mainly stops the progression of hair loss.

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18
Q

What is the most concerning side effect of Propecia?

A

Sexual dyscrasia. Sexual side effects can even last after the pt stops taking the drug.

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19
Q

How many hairs are normally shed from the scalp in one day?

A

100

20
Q

What is Telogen Effluvium?

A

An excess shed of telogen hair occurs due to a premature shunting of anagen to telogen in response to a precipitating cause. Since telogen lasts 3 months, when this is lost it is perceived as hair loss.

21
Q

What are the common precipitating causes of telogen effluvium?

A

Childbirth/postpartum period, febrile episodes, surgery, drugs, endocrinopathies, nutritional-metabolic disorders (crash diet), autoimmune dz, physical trauma (MVA), infxns, emotional trauma

22
Q

How long after a precipitating cause is telogen effluvium observed?

A

6 weeks to 3 months post-insult

23
Q

What is the usual outcome of telogen effluvium?

A

Hair regrows normally in 6-12 months unless the precipitating cause is repeated or persists.

24
Q

What is the treatment of telogen effluvium?

A

Telling your patient that everything is gonna be rainbows and skittles. If that doesn’t work, throw a little 2% minoxidil on it.

25
Q

What is anagen effluvium?

A

An acute and extreme alteration of growth of majority of anagen hair resulting in 80-90% loss of scalp hair.

26
Q

What are precipitating causes of anagen effluvium?

A

Chemotherapy drugs, thallium, mercury, anticoagulants

27
Q

How long after a precipitating cause is anagen effluvium observed?

A

1-2 weeks post-insult

28
Q

Drug alopecia usually presents as what type of effluvium?

A

Telogen effluvium

29
Q

***PAY ATTENTION*** Circular areas of complete loss of hair with normal scalp?

A

Alopecia areata

30
Q

T or F. Alopecia areata is immunologically mediated and also results in pitting of the nails.

A

T

31
Q

How do you dx alopecia areata?

A

Look at it

32
Q

Bx of alopecia areata shows what?

A

Lymphocytes around hair bulb referred to as “swarm of bees.”

33
Q

Which hairs does alopecia areata usually affect?

A

Pigmented terminal hairs

34
Q

In alopecia areata, how may hair grow back?

A

White and change to curly or straight

35
Q

What is the usual outcome of alopecia areata?

A

90% regrow hair without tx. The dz progress may be slow or fast. And hair regrowth may be immediate or take weeks to years.

36
Q

What is the tx for alopecia areata?

A

Topical steroids, interlesional steroids, anthralin, topical minoxidil, immunotherapy

37
Q

What is traction alopecia?

A

Loss of hair associated with use of rollers, hot combs, hair weaving, platting, and perms.

38
Q

What is characteristic of traction alopecia?

A

Peripheral fringe

39
Q

What can traction alopecia result in?

A

Staph aureus folliculitis or fungal infxn

40
Q

What is the tx for traction alopecia?

A

Alleviate further injury and encourage pt to have a short natural hairstyle

41
Q

What is folliculitis?

A

Inflammation of the opening of the hair follicles with bacterial or fungal infxn.

42
Q

What is the primary lesion of folliculitis?

A

Perifollicular pustule

43
Q

What are some causes of folliculitis?

A

Chemicals (mineral oil), physical trauma (scratching), friction from headbands or hats. Conditioners may be the leading cause of scalp folliculitis.

44
Q

What is the most common bacterial cause of folliculitis?

A

Staph aureus; shown here is dissecting folliculitis/cellulitis

45
Q

What is the tx for folliculitis?

A

Oral abx (consider MRSA) and medicated shampoos

46
Q

What kind of hair loss pattern does a syphilis pt exhibit?

A

Moth-eaten appearance. Will also be RPR+. Treat for syphilis and pt will regrow hair.

47
Q

What do you do when a pt complains of hair loss?

A
  1. Check scalp for skin/scalp dz that causes hair loss 2. CBC (anemia) 3. Ferritin: normal CBC but low ferritin…tx with iron and hair regrows 4. TSH for hypo- and hyperthyroidism