HAIG Flashcards
what were the positives of Haig in the first Ypres
he was outnumbered and showed vast amounts of bravery, he was shown on his white horse which was a risky move (links him his family whiskey company)
What were the positives of Haig in the 2nd Ypres
German use of gas condemned by Haig and helped avoid moral dilemmas
What were the positives of Haig in the Somme
Verdun- had to attack to relieve pressure on french and succeeded in this. he argued the battle was a “tipping point” and those who survived the Somme were hardened soldiers. New technology and methods tried out (tanks/ creeping barrage) and it was important to do this as it was a learning curve and will be used in future battles
when was the creeping barrage first used
the somme
when we’re tanks first used
the somme
What were the positives of Haig in the 3rd Ypres
Haig took his plans to london (“dramatic use of hands”) and said Germans knew they were lacking equipment, this is where Haig planned amphibious landings and used effective mines to push back the german divisions
what is proof that Haig is dramatic
His “dramatic use of hands” in london when trying to convince an attack
What were the positives of Haig in the 100 day offensive
use of machinery, 16,000 guns. germanys morale was dwindling at home. French launched a counter attack at Marne. he used tanks in this battle, 500 of them and used planes to drown out the noise, this helped with the areal recon and radio interceptions. he also used a creeping barrage and 30 machine guns per battalion.
who led the creeping barrage at the 3rd Ypres
Rawlingson
Who was Haig working under and who was fond of him
General Foch
how many machine guns were used per battalion at the 3rd Ypres
30
What were the cons of Haig in the 1st Ypres
the mass amount of losses (the perfectly trained battalions)
What were the cons of Haig in the 2nd Ypres
Hypocrisy, Haig later went on to use gas as a weapon after being so critical of it
What were the cons of Haig in the Somme
the wave and flow tactic led to high losses, Pals battalions were destroyed and it wiped out generations in towns, Artillery bombardments meant attack and not surprise, German trenches not destroyed
1/3 of shells did not explode and barbed wire still intact
creeping barrage was unimaginative
how many tanks were there at the Somme and how many failed
49 total, 46 tanks failed to make it more than a mile
how many shells failed to explode at the shells
1/3
what was created after the somme to solve barbed wire
Fuse 106
What were the cons of Haig in the 3rd Ypres
Preliminary bombardment before battle this time lasted
10 days - 4.25m artillery shells - not learning lessons??
German resistance stronger than expected/heavy
rain/unsuitable for men and equipment
Wave and flow abandoned/Bite and hold used in end
BF sustained over 300,000 casualties
Buchan reported loss of morale/Lloyd George critical
Haig still urging large scale attacks
Haig demanded more men - Auckland Geddes
“no”
Churchill (munitions) said use tanks if you’re short of men
how many shells were fired in 10 days at the 3rd Ypres
4.24 million
how many casualties do the BEF have in the 3rd Ypres
300,000
what did churchill suggest to haig if he was short of men
use more tanks
what were the cons of Haig in the 100 day offensive
1 million casualties, Liendorff nearly reached paris
what was John Frenches ‘last stand’
Loos
why did Haigs first use of gas fail
Haigs first use of gas failed because he tested the wind direct with a lit cigarette, got it wrong and the gas blew back and killed his own men
why was preliminary bombardment ineffective
it stopped all artillery fire so the enemy lines knew what was about to happen and could get ready to shoot the wave and flow
what technique was Haig fond of?
wave and flow
what technique did Rawlingson and Plumer prefer
Bite and hold/ fire and move
why did the french support fail to arrive at Neuve Chapelle
lack of communication (seems a bit wellington esc to me)
where did the attrition attack happen on the french at the somme
verdun
