Hagen Chapter 41 Flashcards
Only \_\_\_\_\_% of women with postmenopausal bleeding have endometrial carcinoma. Select one: a. 10 b. 25 c. 50 d. 75
a. 10
A 3-day postpartum woman complains of intense pelvic pain. Sonographically, the uterus appears hypoechoic with an irregular endometrium. This condition most likely represents which one of the following? Select one: a. Adenomyosis b. Degenerating submucosal leiomyoma c. Endometritis d. Endometrial hyperplasia
c. endometritis
Which one of the following is the most common site for a leiomyoma to occur? Select one: a. Submucosal b. Subserosal c. Pedunculated d. Intramural
d. intramural
Which one of the following is most likely the result of an acquired condition with obstruction of the cervical canal? Select one: a. Leiomyoma b. Cervical carcinoma c. Cervical stenosis d. Adenomyosis
c. cervical stenosis
On ultrasound, the characteristic appearance of a degenerating leiomyoma is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Select one: a. Homogeneous b. Heterogeneous c. Isoechoic d. Anechoic
b. heterogeneous
Hydrometra appears sonographically as a(n) _______________________.
Select one:
a. Sonolucent tubular structure in the adnexa
b. Echogenic thickening of the endometrium
c. Sonolucent fluid collection in the uterine canal
d. Sonolucent fluid collection in the uterus, cervix, and vagina
c. Sonolucent fluid collection in the uterine canal
Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM):
Select one:
a. Involves the endometrium.
b. Can be managed with dilation and curettage (D&C).
c. Involves the myometrium.
d. Is always acquired.
c. Involves the myometrium.
The size and shape of the normal uterus are related to all of the following except: Select one: a. Family history b. Age c. Hormonal status d. Parity
a. family history
In postmenopausal patients, an endometrial thickness of less than \_\_\_\_\_ millimeters (mm) reliably excludes an endometrial abnormality. Select one: a. 4 b. 5 c. 8 d. 10
b. 5
The most common cause of uterine calcification is which one of the following? Select one: a. Adenomyosis b. Endometritis c. Arcuate artery calcification d. Myomas
d. myomas
In which of the following structures might a Gartner's duct cyst be found? Select one: a. Fallopian tube b. Ovary c. Cervix d. Vagina
d. vagina
In a patient after an hysterectomy, the normal vaginal cuff should not exceed \_\_\_\_\_ centimeters (cm). Select one: a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
b. 2
Which one of the following statements about adenomyosis is false?
Select one:
a. Elevated progesterone levels may promote the growth of myometrial islands of endometrium.
b. Adenomyosis can be managed with hormone therapy.
c. Adenomyosis may cause abnormal uterine bleeding.
d. Adenomyosis may cause pelvic pain during menstruation.
a. Elevated progesterone levels may promote the growth of myometrial islands of endometrium.
Which one of the following conditions is described as a hyperplastic protrusion of the epithelium of the cervix that may be broad based or pedunculated? Select one: a. Cervical stenosis b. Pyometrium c. Cervical polyps d. Cervical obstruction
c. Cervical polyps
Irregular, acyclic bleeding is defined as which one of the following? Select one: a. Menorrhagia b. Metrorrhea c. Dysmenorrhea d. Amenorrhea
b. Metrorrhea
Which one of the following locations of a fibroid will most likely cause heavy irregular uterine bleeding? Select one: a. Subserosal b. Submucosal c. Intramural d. Pedunculated
b. submucosal
Complications in delivery may occur with pregnancy if a fibroid is located in or near which one of the following structures? Select one: a. Near the fundus b. Pedunculated off the fundus c. Near the cervix d. Near the ovary
c. near the cervix
A 28-year-old woman reports left lower quadrant pain. Her last menstrual period was 2 weeks earlier. Sonographically, the uterine body displays a highly echogenic structure in the endometrial cavity. This appearance most likely represents which one of the following conditions?
Select one:
a. Endometritis
b. Calcified submucosal fibroid
c. Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)
d. Calcified arcuate arteries
c. Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)
A small percentage of leiomyomas is located in which one of the following structures? Select one: a. Body b. Fundus c. Myometrium d. Cervix
d. cervix
Which one of the following sonographic characteristics is the most common finding in endometrial carcinoma?
Select one:
a. Abnormal thinning of the endometrial cavity, usually with irregular bleeding in postmenopausal women
b. Abnormal thickening of the endometrial cavity, usually with irregular bleeding in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women
c. Irregular bleeding
d. Heavy bleeding with a thickening of the myometrium
b. Abnormal thickening of the endometrial cavity, usually with irregular bleeding in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women
The clinical signs of a 32-year-old woman with an enlarged uterus on physical examination and a history of cyclic profuse and prolonged bleeding with increasing pain most likely represent which one of the following? Select one: a. Early pregnancy b. Leiomyoma c. Ruptured nabothian cyst d. Ruptured follicular cyst
b. leiomyoma
The endometrium should be measured from \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ layer to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ layer. Select one: a. Hypoechoic; hypoechoic b. Hyperechoic; hyperechoic c. Hyperechoic; hypoechoic d. Hypoechoic; hyperechoic
b. Hyperechoic; hyperechoic
A benign invasion of endometrial tissue into the myometrium is known as which one of the following conditions? Select one: a. Endometriosis b. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) c. Adenomyosis d. Endomyosarcoma
c. Adenomyosis
Patients on tamoxifen therapy have an increased risk of which one of the following reactions? Select one: a. Endometrial hyperplasia b. Endometrial polyp c. Endometrial carcinoma d. All of the above reactions
d. all of the above reactions
Endometrial hyperplasia develops from which one of the following? Select one: a. Unopposed estrogen stimulation b. Unopposed progesterone stimulation c. Follicular-stimulating hormone d. Endometrial polyp
a. Unopposed estrogen stimulation
