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Haematology > Haemostasis > Flashcards

Haemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Where do platelets come from?

A

Megakaryocytes in Bone Marrow

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2
Q

How many platelets produced from one cell?

A

2000-3000

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3
Q

Main hormone in platelet formation

A

Thrombopoietin

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4
Q

Where is thrombopoietin produced

A

Mainly liver, also kidney

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5
Q

4 stages of primary haemostatic events

A

Adhesion, Shape Change, Release Reaction and Aggregation

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6
Q

Adhesion

A

Injury to vessel wall
Platelets adhere to collagen
VWF binds and recruits

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7
Q

Shape Change

A

Discoid to spherical
Platelet mono layer

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8
Q

Release Reaction

A

RBC release granules etc.
Local increase of VWF, fib and FV

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9
Q

Aggregation

A

More receptors, more recruitment
ADP, thrombin, TXA2 activate platelets

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10
Q

Which factors are Vit K dependent

A

2, 7, 9, 10

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11
Q

Where are the factors made

A

the liver

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12
Q

Intrinsic Pathway

A

Factors 12, 11, 9, 8, 10
TENET

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13
Q

Extrinsic Pathway

A

Factors 7 and 10
ST. Trauma

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14
Q

Common Pathway

A

Factors 10, 5, 2, 1, 13
TF TOT

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15
Q

Prothrombin Time (PT)

A

12-16 seconds
Measures extrinsic and common

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16
Q

Raised PT

A

Vit K deficiency
Warfarin
Xa or IIa inhibitors

17
Q

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)

A

27-35 seconds
Measures intrinsic and common

18
Q

Raised APTT

A

Factor deficiency
Lupus coagulant
Haemophilia A

19
Q

Lowered APTT

A

Elevated factor VIII

20
Q

Fibrinogen (Fib)

A

1.5-4.0g/l
Measures common pathway

21
Q

Raised Fib

A

Age
Pregnancy
Contraception
Cancer

22
Q

Lowered Fib

A

Liver disease
DIC
Transfusion

23
Q

Thrombin Time (TT)

A

13-15 seconds
Measures common pathway

24
Q

Inherited Raised TT

A

Deficiency from birth
Dysfibrinogenaemia

25
Q

Acquired raised TT

A

DIC
Thrombolytic therapy
Liver disease

Haematology (9 decks)

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