haemorrhoids

Question 1

what are haemorrhoids?

Answer 1

known as piles. swellings of the veins in the lower part of the large intestine. blood circulation through veins is reduced by a variety of factors and blood starts to pool causing swelling and pain

Question 2

causes for haemorrhoids

Answer 2

constipation, sedentary, genetic history, varicose veins, overweight, heavy lifting, pregnancy or post partum

Question 3

symptoms for haemorrhoids

Answer 3

pain, itching, bleeding, mucus discharge

Question 4

referral criteria

Answer 4

no improvement after 5-7 days of treatment, 50+, other medication, under 20, dysentery or dark blood.

Question 5

treatment options

Answer 5

local anaesthetics, corticosteroids, astringents

Question 6

local anaesthetics and restrictions around use

Answer 6

applied directly to the area to numb it to relieve pain and itching. effect is short so must be applied regularly. max use is 14 days and if unsuccessful after 5 should be referred. examples of this can include lidocaine, benzocaine and cinchocaine

Question 7

corticosteroids and restrictions around use

Answer 7

hydrocortisone is very effective. only used for 7 days. not suitable in pregnancy or under 18. must not recommend 1%

Question 8

astringents and restrictions around use

Answer 8

reduces swelling and form protective coating over affecting area. examples are allantoin, bismuth, zinc oxide and peru balsam