Haemoptysis

Question 1

Lung cancer

Answer 1

History of smoking

Symptoms of malignancy: weight loss, anorexia

Question 2

Pulmonary oedema

Answer 2

Dyspnoea

Bibasal crackles and S3 are the most reliable signs

Question 3

Tuberculosis

Answer 3

Fever, night sweats, anorexia, weight loss

Question 4

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 4

Pleuritic chest pain

Tachycardia, tachypnoea

Question 5

Lower respiratory tract infection

Answer 5

Usually acute history of purulent cough

Question 6

Bronchiectasis

Answer 6

Usually long history of cough and daily purulent sputum production

Question 7

Mitral stenosis

Answer 7

Dyspnoea
Atrial fibrillation
Malar flush on cheeks
Mid-diastolic murmur

Question 8

Aspergilloma

Answer 8

Often past history of tuberculosis
Haemoptysis may be severe
Chest x-ray shows rounded opacity

Question 9

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Answer 9

Upper respiratory tract - epistaxis, sinusitis, nasal crusting
Lower respiratory tract - dyspnoea, haemoptysis
Glomerulonephritis
Saddle-shape nose deformity

Question 10

Goodpasture’s syndrome

Answer 10

Haemoptysis
Systemically unwell: fever, nausea
Glomerulonephritis