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BACTE (LESSON 18) > Haemophilus > Flashcards

Haemophilus Flashcards

1
Q

Gram (-) fastidious bacilli.

A

Haemophilus
HACEK group
Capnocytophaga
Pasteurella
Brucella
Francisella

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2
Q

Which is/are not characteristics of Haemophilus?
A. Pleomorphic
B. Nonmotile
C. Blood loving
D. Facultative aerobes

A

D.
They are facultative anaerobes

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3
Q

Which is/are not characteristics of Haemophilus?
A. Reduce nitrate-nitrite
B. Reduce nitrite-nitrate
C. Obligate parasites in human
D.part of normal flora

A

B and D
They are not normal flora but a true pathogens

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4
Q

Major spp. Of haemophilus that are pathogenic to humans.

A

H. influenzae
H. aegyptius
H. ducreyi

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5
Q

Growth factors req. By haemophilus in blood.

A

X factor
V. factor

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6
Q

T or F
The prefix “para” only requires X factors

A

False-V factor

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7
Q

T or F
Haemophilus are mostly hemolytic in 10% horse/rabbit blood agar.

A

False: 5%

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8
Q

X factor contains:____
V. facto contains:____

A

X= hemin/hematin
V= NAD(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)

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9
Q

Which statement is true
1.Both X and V factos found in blood
2.Both grows in pure culture media (SBA)

A

1.

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10
Q

What media is good for haemophilus?

A

CHOC (THE LYSIS OF RBC produce X and V factors)

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11
Q

What media is good for haemophilus?

A

CHOC (THE LYSIS OF RBC produce X and V factors)

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12
Q

Spp. That requires V factors.

A

S. aureus
S. pneumoniae
Neisseria spp.
Haemophilus spp.

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13
Q

The Haemophilus X factor obtain from ___.

A

SBA

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14
Q

The haemophilus obtain V factor from ___.

A

S. aureus
S. pneumoniae
Neisseria

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15
Q

A phenomenon that helps in the recognition of Haemophilus.

A

Satellitism

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16
Q

They don’t req. V factors and don’t produce satellitism.

A

H. ducreyi
A. aphrophilus

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17
Q

Significant virulence factor of H. influenzae.

A

Capsule

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18
Q

How many serotypes of capsule does H. influenzae have? What are they?

A

6 serotypes (A-F)

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19
Q

Encapsulated strain of H. influenzae belongs to ____ occured primarily in young children.

A

Serotype B (Hib)

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20
Q

Serotype capsule of H. influenzae composed of what?

A

Ribose
Ribitol
Phosphate
(Polyribitol phosphate)

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21
Q

T or F
All strain of H. influenzae is encapsulated.

A

False - some are not, and they are called non-typable H. influenzae (NTHi).

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22
Q

The only sp. Of Haemophilus that has IgA protease.

A

H. influenzae

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23
Q

What is the adherence mechanism of H. influenzae?

A

Fimbriae

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24
Q

T or F
Encapsulated strain of H. influenzae has the adherence mechanism.

A

False- nonencapsulated strain (NTHi)

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25
Q

Absent of adherence mechanism of most serotype b of H. influenzae cause ____.

A

Systemic infections

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26
Q

The presence of an adherence mechanism of NTHi strain cause ___.

A

Localized infections (acute conjunctivitis)

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27
Q

Two patterns of disease attributed by H. influenzae.

A

Invasive disease
Localized infection

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28
Q

Example of invasive disease.

A

Septicemia
Meningitis
arthritis
epiglottitis
tracheitis
Pneumonia

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29
Q

Example of localized infections.

A

Conjunctivitis
Sinusitis
Otitis media

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30
Q

Arrange from the most-least prevalent cause of otitis media.

A

S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis

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31
Q

Other name of H. aegyptius

A

Koch-Weeks bacillus

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32
Q

It was observed in conjunctivitis exudates from Egyptian.

A

H. aegyptius

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33
Q

H. aegyptius is associated with acute, contagious conjunctivitis AKA as___.

A

Pink eye.

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34
Q

It causes conjunctivitis primarily in pediatric populations.

A

Haemophilus influenzae Biogroup aegyptius

35
Q

Whay severe systemic disease cause by Haemophilus influenzae Biogroup aegyptius.

A

Brazilian purpuric fever

36
Q

T or F
Haemophilus influenzae Biogroup aegyptius is encasulared.

A

False (unencapsulated)

37
Q

Causative agent of chancroid.

A

H. ducreyi

38
Q

A highly communicable sexual transmitted genital ulcer disease (GUD) cause by H. ducreyi.

A

Chancroid

39
Q

T or F
Soft chancre = syphilis
Hard chancre= chancroid

A

False
Soft chancre = chancroid
Hard chancre= syphilis

40
Q

Common site of H. ducreyi.

A

Penis
Labia of vagina

41
Q

Common symptoms of chancroid.

A

Suppurative
Enlarged,draining, inguinal lymph nodes (buboes).

42
Q

2 Miscellaneous species of Haemophilus.

A

H. parainfluenzae
H. paraharmolyticus

43
Q

Miscellaneous sp. Of H. that rarely cause endocarditis and the primary site is mitral valve.

A

H. parainfluenzae

44
Q

Miscellaneous sp that can cause pharyngitis.

A

H. parahaemlyticus

45
Q

Common source of Haemophilus spp.

A
  • Blood
    – CSF
    – Middle-ear exudate
    – Joint fluids
    – URT and LRT (bronchial washing) specimens
    – Conjunctival swabs
    – Vaginal swabs
    – Abscess drainage
46
Q

Specimen and its infections
Blood:(septicemia)
CSF:
Middle-ear exudate:
Joint fluids:
URT and LRT (bronchial washing) specimens:
Conjunctival swabs:
Abscess drainage:

A

Specimen and its infections
Blood:(septicemia)
CSF: (meningitis)
Middle-ear exudate: (otitis)
Joint fluids:(arthritis)
URT and LRT (bronchial washing) specimens: (pneumonia)
Conjunctival swabs:(conjunctivitis)
Abscess drainage:(mucous)

47
Q

In collection of Haemophilus spp.,
The following are correct except:
A. First cleaned with sterile gauze moistened with sterile
saline
B. Direct plating on selective media is preferred
C. Susceptible to drying
D. Used of 70% isopropyl alcohol

A

D.

48
Q

The swab is pre moistened with ___.

A

Phosphate-buffered saline

49
Q

Media used for isolation of Haemophilus from respiratory specimen.

A

CHOC+Bacitracin

50
Q

Media for H. aegyptius.

A

CHOC supplemented with 1%
IsoVitaleX or Vitox (4days)

51
Q

Special media for H. ducreyi.

A

Nairobi biplate medium (GC agar base with 2% bovine Hb and 5% fetal calf serum + MH agar with 5% chocolatized horse blood)

52
Q

Haemophilus influen Are incubated at what temp and % of CO2?

A

Incubated at 33°C to 37°C under 5% to 10% CO2.

53
Q

T or F
- Incubated under 5% to 10% CO2 with high humidity.
- Grows best at 35°C (held for 7 days)

A

True
False (33°C)

54
Q

Stain used to detect Haemophilus spp.

A

Acridine orange
Methylene blue

55
Q

Haemophilus spp. Resembles what?

A

Amorphous serous material (serum-like/ proteinaceous material)

56
Q

Pale staining gram-negative coccobacilli arranged singly
or in clusters

A

H. ducreyi

57
Q

The clusters of H. ducreyi are AKA

A

-school of fish
-railroad tracks
-fingerprints

58
Q

Colony of H. Influenzae can grow in what media?

A

CHOC, MAC, SBA

59
Q

All are characteristics of H. influenzae in choc Except:
A. tannish
B. moist,
C.rough
D. convex

A

C. (They are smooth)

60
Q

Odor of H. influenzae in CHOC.

A

Mousy/bleach-like odor

61
Q

T or F
Encapsulated strains of H. influenzae grow smaller and more mucoid

A

False (larger)

62
Q

Appearance of H. influenzae in MAC agar plate.

A

N/A (they don’t grow in MAC)

63
Q

ALL are Characteristics of Colonies of H. parainfluenzae in CHOC except:
A. tannish
B.drier
C. medium to large size compared to H. influenzae
D. Convex

A

D.

64
Q

They resemble H. parainfluenzae and on horse or rabbit blood agar, it is β-hemolytic.

A

H. parahaemolyticus

65
Q

H. ducreyi appear ___ in CHOC
A. small
B. flat
C. smooth
D. nonmucoid,
E. transparent - opaque

A

All of the above

66
Q

Color of H. ducreyi in CHOC.

A

tan or
yellow

67
Q

T or F
H. ducreyi can be pushed intact.

A

True

68
Q

Which statement is not true about H. ducreyi colonies?
A. They can perform satellitism
B. It’s difficult to pick up
C. produce a “clumpy”
nonhomogeneous appearance (saline)
D. Can be pushed intact

A

A.

69
Q

ALL are First clue for the genus of Haemophilus spp.except.
A. Gram (-) pleomorphic coccobacilli
B. (Gram (+)pleomorphic coccobacilli
C. No growth in SBA and MAC
D. Present in CHOC

A

B.

70
Q

Test for identification of Haemophilus spp.

A
  • Testing for X and V factors
  • Traditional biochemicals
  • Hemolysis on media containing rabbit or horse
    blood
  • Oxidase and catalase tests
71
Q

T or F
Care must be taken not to transfer X factor-containing medium to agar plates used for X factor requirement.

A

True

72
Q

What happened if the X factor was carried over to the plate for X factor testing?

A

It produces erroneous or inconclusive results, causing misidentified H. influenzae into H. parainfluenzae.

73
Q

T or F
When Haemophilus spp. Grows anaerobically, they don’t need V. Factor.

A

False - X factor

74
Q

In all spp. That need V. Factor, ___ is the only oxidase (-).

A

Aggregatibacter segnis

75
Q

The an alternative method for differentiating the heme-producing spp. Of Haemophilus.

A

Porphyrin test

76
Q

The principle of porphyrin test is the ability of the microorganism to convert deltaaminolevulinic acid (ALA) into ____.

A

porphyrins or
porphobilinogen (intermediates in synthesis of X factor)

77
Q

Porphobilinogen is detected by adding ___.

A

Kovacs reagent

78
Q

If porphobilinogen is present in porphyrin test what is the color?

A

Pink/red

79
Q

Porphyrins can be detected by using __.

A

UV light

80
Q

Prophyrins fluoresce ___ in uv test.

A

Reddish orange

81
Q

Main advantage of porphyrin test.

A

X factor is not required and prevents carry over.

82
Q

Treatment for life threatening H. influenzae except:
A. Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
B. Amoxicillin-clavulanate
C. Chloramphenicol
D. Imipenem

A

B.

83
Q

Treatment for not life threatening H. Influenzae.

A
  • Amoxicillin-clavulanate
  • Trimethoprim-SXT
84
Q

Treatment for H. ducreyi

A

Erythromycin

BACTE (LESSON 18) (4 decks)

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