Haematuria

Question 1

What are causes of transient haematuria?

Answer 1

UTI
Menstruation
Vigorous exercise
Sex

Question 2

What are causes of persistent microscopic haematuria?

Answer 2

Cancer: bladder or RCC
Renal stones
BPH
Prostatitis
Urethritits (e.g. chlamydia)

Renal e.g. GN, Alport, PKD

Question 3

What Ix should be done in patients with persistent microscopic haematuria?

Answer 3

Will depend on rest of history/exam.

ACR/PCR, BP, and urine microscopy should be done.

If >45: refer to urology for cystoscopy to rule out stones and cancer.

Question 4

Who should get urgent cancer referral with haematuria?

Answer 4

Aged >= 45 years AND:
• unexplained visible haematuria without urinary tract infection, or
• visible haematuria that persists or recurs after successful treatment of urinary tract infection

Aged >= 60 years AND have unexplained nonvisible haematuria and either dysuria or a raised white cell count on a blood test

Question 5

Who should get non-urgent cancer referral with haematuria?

Answer 5

Aged >= 60 years with recurrent or persistent unexplained urinary tract infection