Haematology Flashcards
When a tissue is injured and clotting begins, what is this process depended upon?
intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
A patient with low iron levels would experience what symptom?
an increase in fatigue
Which haemostatic agent can be used to prevent haemorrhage after operations where large clot formation occurs?
Tranexamic acid
The benefits of enoxaparin over heparin include that it
is less likely to cause thrombocytopaenia and is more effective in reducing mortality and myocardial infarction in unstable angina. Also, has a longer half-life requiring less frequent monitoring and is safer in pregnancy.
Inherited mutations of haemoglobin molecules that cause a reduction in the synthesis of the chains that combine to form haemoglobin is
Thalassaemia
Malignant disorders of the bone marrow is called
Leukaemia
An antiplatelet agent from the ADP group used in the management of thrombotic disorders is
Clopidogrel
A medicine that is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that decreases platelet adhesiveness is
Dipyridamole
Leukocytes are a called
white blood cells
Leukocytes are typically split into two classes called
agranulocytes and granulocytes
The type of granulocyte that is predominantly responsible for immunity against worms and other pathogens too large to phagocytose are the
monocytes
The two agranulocytes types are called
neutrophils and lymphocytes
Antiplatelet agents’ first event is when
During platelet plug formation, collagen fibres are exposed triggering off platelet aggregation
Antiplatelet agents’ second event is when
The platelet aggregation process is mediated by thromboxane A2
Antiplatelet agents’ third event is when
Aspirin irreversibly blocks the formation of thromboxane A2 in platelets
Antiplatelet agents’ fourth event is when
Reduced thromboxane A2 levels produces an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation
Those who live at high altitudes, or who receive extra erythropoietin, are likely to suffer
Polycythaemia
An elevated neutrophil count would be indicative of
an acute bacterial infection
An injectable heparin medication (anticoagulant) might be prescribed for a patient who
is prone to thrombosis
Heparin is administered in all the following ways except
intramuscularly
A neural tube defect in which the spinal column is not closed correctly, causing the underlying spinal cord to be exposed is called
Spina bifida
The pharmacological treatment used to increase dopamine levels in patients with Parkinson’s disease is called
Levodopa
The portion of the brain consisting of the medulla, pons, and midbrain is called the
Brain stem
An accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium is called
Hydrocephalus
