Haem Flashcards
1
Q
What are causes of gingival hyperplasia?
A
Gingival hyperplasia: phenytoin, ciclosporin, calcium channel blockers (especially nifedipine) and AML
2
Q
TTP
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
A
Pentad:
- Headache/altered mental state
- Renal failure
- Fevere
- MAHA - Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
- Thrombocytopenia
Features:
- Anaemia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Neurological dysfunction – altered mental status, seizures,
hemiplegia, paresthesia, visual disturbance and aphasia
- Fever
- Dark coloured urine - haemoglobinuria
Tx:
- Steroids – no evidence
- Plasma exchange
- Rituximab – refractory or relapsing cases or even in patients with neurological and cardiac involvement
- Vincristine – refractory cases
3
Q
Elevated Homocysteine
A
Elevated homocysteine levels can lead to severe health complications. Too much homocysteine increases your risk for:
- Blood clots.
- Dementia.
- Heart attack.
- Heart disease.
- Osteoporosis.
- Stroke.
Vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and vitamin B9 (folate) break down homocysteine to generate other chemicals your body needs - high levels may indicate deficiency