HA Flashcards
It is an Involuntary trembling
Tremor
individual attempts a voluntary movement
Intention Tremor
Client is at rest and diminishes with activity
resting tremor
Abnormal contraction that appears as a twitch
Fasciculation
Decrease in size of the muscle
Atrophy
Increase in size of the muscle
Hypertrophy
Moving away from midline
Abduction
Moving toward midline
Adduction
Circular Motion
Circumduction
Moving inward
Inversion
Moving outward
Eversion
Straightening the extremity
Extension
Joint bends greater than 180 degrees
Hyperextension
Bending the extremity
Flexion
Toes moved upward
Dorsiflexion
Toes moved away
Plantar Flexion
Facing downward
Pronation
Facing upward
Supination
Moving forward
Protraction
Moving backward
Retraction
Turning of bone
Rotation
Turning of bone toward the center of the body
Internal Rotation
Turning of bone away from the center of the body
External Rotation
Weakness or laxness of bones
Flaccidity
Sudden involuntary muscle contraction
Spasticity
Client turn the head to one side against the resistance of your hand
Sternocleidomastoid
Client shrugs shoulders against the resistance of your hand
Trapezius
Client hold arm up and resist while you try to push it down
Deltoid
Client fully extends each arm and tries to flex it while you attempt to hold arm in extension
Biceps
Client flexes each arm and then tries to extends it against your attempt to keep in flexion
Triceps
Client spreads the fingers and resists as you attempt to push the fingers together.
Wrist and Finger Muscles
Client grasps your index finger and middle fingers while you try to pull the fingers out.
Grip Strength
Client is supine, both legs extended; client raises one leg at a time while you attempt to hold it down.
Hip Muscles
Client is supine, both legs extended. Place your hands on the lateral surface of each knee; client spreads the legs apart against your resistance.
Hip Abduction
Client is in same position as in hip abduction. Place your hands between the knees; client brings the legs together against your resistance.
Hip Adduction
Client is supine, both knees bent. Client resists while you attempt to straighten the legs.
Hamstrings
Client is supine, knee partially extended; client resists while you attempt to flex the knee.
Quadriceps
Client resists while you attempt to dorsiflex the foot and and again resists while you attempt to flex the foot.
Muscles of the ankle and feet
Head is appropriately related to body size
Normocephalic
Enlargement of facial features
Acromegaly
Moon shaped face with reddened cheeks
Cushings Sydrome
One sided facial paralysis
Bells palsy
impaired far vision
Myopia
impaired near vision
Presbyopia
Normal distant visual acuity
20/20
Normal near visual acuity
14/14
Eyes turn inward
Esotropia
Eyes turn outward
Exotropia
Pupils appear in the inner canthus
Pseudostrabismus
shaking movement of the eye
Nystagmus
Drooping of the upper lid
Ptosis
An inverted lower lid is a condition called
Entropion
An everted lower lid is a condition called
Ectropion
Redness and crusting along the lid margins
Blepharitis
a hair follicle infection
Hordeolum (stye)
an infection of the meibomian
gland
Chalazion
Protrusion of the eyeballs
Exopthalmos
redness of the conjunctiva
Conjunctivitis
noninfectious inflammation
of the sclera.
Episcleritis
An inequality in pupil size of less than 0.5 mm occurs in 20%
of clients. This condition, called
Anisocoria
Pupils are dilated and fixed straight
Mydriasis
Pupils and constricted and fixed
Miosis
separates the external ear from the middle ear.
Tympanic Membrane
The test helps to evaluate the conduction of sound waves
Weber Test
It compares air and bone conduction sounds
Rinne’s Test
Cranial Nerve 1
Olfactory
Cranial Nerve 12
Hypoglossal
Cranial Nerve 5
Trigmenial
Cranial Nerve 9
Glossopharyngeal
Cranial Nerve 7
Facial
may be seen in chronic irritation
and smoking.
Leukoplakia
a black tongue is indicative of?
Bismuth
may be seen on the sides of the tongue in clients receiving certain kinds of chemotherapy.
Canker Sores
is associated with diabetic ketoacidosis
Fruity or acetone breath
is often associated with kidney disease
Ammonia Odor
may indicate an oral or respiratory infection, or tooth decay.
Foul odor
occurs in bowel obstruction;
Fecal Breath odor
occurs in endstage liver disease.
Sulfur odor
Tonsils are visible.
1+
Tonsils are midway between tonsillar pillars and uvula.
2+
Tonsils touch the uvula
3+
Tonsils touch each other
4+
Percussion elicits what tones over the scapula.
Flat
is the percussion tone elicited over normal lung tissue.
Resonance
Voice transmission is soft, muffled, and indistinct. The sound of the voice may be heard but the actual phrase cannot be distinguished.
Bronchophony
Voice transmission will be soft and muffled but the letter “E” should be distinguishable
Egophony
Transmission of sound is very faint and muffled. It may be inaudible.
Whispered pectoriloquy
is a markedly sunken sternum
Pectus Excavatum
a forward protrusion of the sternum
Pectus Carinatum
Percussion elicits what tone over breast tissue, the heart, and the liver?
Dullness
Tone detected over the stomach
Tympany
What tone is detected over the muscles and bones?
Flatness
What technique will you use if the client has large breast?
Bimanual Technique
are usually 1–5 cm, round or oval, mobile, firm, solid, elastic, nontender, single or multiple benign masses found in one or both breasts.
Fibroadenomas
(sacs filled with milk) and infections (mastitis), may turn into an abscess and occur if breastfeeding or recently given birth.
Milk Cysts
are a collection of fatty tissue that may also appear as a lump.
Lipomas
is a small growth inside a milk duct of the breast, often near the areola. It is harmless and occurs in women ages 35 to 50.
Intraductal Papilloma
S2 is loudest at the ______ of the heart.
Base
It is loudest at the apex of the heart.
S1
