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H World History Final > H World History Final > Flashcards

H World History Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Paleolithic Age

A

When people relied on hunting and gathering

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2
Q

what was the neolithic revolution

A

when people transitioned from hunting and gathering to agriculture and the domestication of animals

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3
Q

Sumerian inventions

A

geometry, wheels, astrology, metal working, sundial, pottery wheel

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4
Q

5 characteristics of civilization

A

advanced cities, record keeping, advanced technology, specialization, and complex institutions

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5
Q

Mandate of Heaven

A

The idea that a Chinese ruler had a divine right to rule

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6
Q

what were some Assyrian battle tactics

A

dug under walls to weaken the foundation, creating flooding protons to cross rivers, and used organized tactics

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7
Q

Explain the Peloponnesian war

A

Sparta established the Peloponnesian league, and declared war on Athens; Athens lost power, wealth, navy, and army

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8
Q

Role of the Colosseum in Roman Society

A

controlled the masses of Rome via entertainment

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9
Q

Five pillars of Islam

A
  1. Faith 2. Fasting 3. Alms 4. Pilgrimage 5. Prayer
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10
Q

Divide in Christianity

A

Roman Catholics believed that the Pope should be the head of the church, while Orthodox Christians believed the bishops are the head of the church

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11
Q

Roman Catholics (west)

A

believed Pope is head of the church, services in Latin, divorce is not permitted, priest cannot marry

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12
Q

Orthodox Christians (east)

A

believed bishops are the head of the church, services in Greek, divorce is permitted under specific circumstances, priests can be married

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13
Q

Divide in Islam

A

occurred when Abu-Bakr became the successor of Muhammad; Shi’a believed that the ruler should be a descendant of Muhammad, while the Sunni believed that the ruler should be appointed, or of Muhammad’s example

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14
Q

Fedualism

A
  1. Lord: had Fiefs
  2. Vassal: received Fiefs from the Lord in exchange for military protection
  3. Knights: protected the Lords land in exchanged for feifs
  4. Serfs: couldn’t leave where they were born; all labor belonged to the Lord
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15
Q

Manorialism

A

The lord had an estate, and provided houses to Serfs in exchanged for labor

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16
Q

Abraham

A

founder of Judaism

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17
Q

Moses

A

Led Israelites out of slavery; received the ten commandments

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18
Q

Brahman

A

Hindu god: the creator

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19
Q

Shiva

A

Hindu god: the destroyer

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20
Q

Vishnu

A

Hindu god: the protector

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21
Q

Siddhartha Gautama

A

founder of Buddhism

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22
Q

Zoroaster

A

Persian prophet, founder of Zoroastrianism (earth is the battle ground between good and evil)

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23
Q

Confucious

A

founder of Confucianism (belief in harmony, social order, and good government)

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24
Q

Socrates

A

encourage people to examine their beliefs; sentenced to death for corrupting the youth

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25
Q

Aristotle

A

“philosopher king;” student of Socrates; created the “Academy;” taught Alexander the Great

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26
Q

Plato

A

student of Pluto, created Lyceum, believed person with the greatest insight should be philosopher; “happiness depends on ourselves”

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27
Q

Phillip II

A

transferred the Macedonians into a well-trained army; developed troops in Phalanxes

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28
Q

Alexander the Great

A

son of Phillip II; led 35,000 troops into Anatolia; stretched empire from Greece to the Indus

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29
Q

Marcus Aurelius

A

philosopher/king; “the happiness of your mind depends on the quality of your thoughts”

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30
Q

Julius Caesar

A

granted Roman citizen to people in the province; helped poor get jobs; increased soldier pay; expanded the senate; names dictator for life

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31
Q

Hannibal

A

started the 2nd Punic war (greatest army general from Carthage

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32
Q

Atilla

A

leader of the Mongol nomads who terrorized the Roman empire until his death

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33
Q

Trajan

A

expanded the empire east, built roads and harbors (good empire)

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34
Q

Constantine

A

accepts Christianity, and stopped their persecution; ordered artisans to paint crosses on all soldiers’ shields

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35
Q

Osman

A

successful Muslim warrior; founder of the Ottomans; begins as small muslim state in Anatolia; success due to gunpowder

36
Q

Abu-Bakr

A

the most powerful caliph after the death of Muhammed

37
Q

Suleyman

A

most powerful monarch on Earth in his time; created a law code for criminals and civil war

38
Q

Muhammad

A

founder of Muslims and Islamic religion and culture

39
Q

Isma’il

A

14 year old ruler, established Shi’a Islam as the state religion

40
Q

Genghis Khan

A

became emperor of the Mongolian people; conquered land from the Himilayas to Northern Russia

41
Q

Batu Khan

A

won battle for Kiev in 1240

42
Q

Justinian

A

Inherits Eastern empire; gains control of Rome during the decline of the Byzantine Empire

43
Q

Code

A

5000 consist of the digest, intitutes and novallae

44
Q

Rurik

A

viking chief who became the Slavs kind, founded Novgrad

45
Q

Oleg

A

Navgrad nobleman who founded Kiev

46
Q

Vladidmir

A

rules of Kiev; converted him and his people to Byzantine Christianity

47
Q

Clovis

A

leader of the franks who held power in Roman province of gaul

48
Q

Charlemagne

A

built an empire and defeated his enemies every summer; most powerful king in the western empire at the time

49
Q

cuniform

A

sumerian system of writing; wedge shaped symbols pressed into clay for record keeping

50
Q

Homo Habilis

A

first to make tools

51
Q

Australopithecines

A

first human beings to walk upright

52
Q

Neanderthal

A

first to have ritual burials

53
Q

Cro-Magnon

A

fully modern humans and created art

54
Q

Catal Huyuk

A

32 acres with 6,000 inhabitants; people were able to become skilled workers making goods to trade from a steady food supply

55
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that was extremely fertile

56
Q

Nile River

A

longest river in the world, flows North; river for the Egyptian civilization

57
Q

Tigris and Euphrates River

A

the rivers that bordered mesopotamia

58
Q

Indus River

A

home to the indus river civilization; changed course, unpredictable floods

59
Q

Tiber river

A

river that the ancient roman civilization used

60
Q

Huang He river

A

location of the Xia and Shang dynasty; location of farming settlements that grew into cities

61
Q

Hinduism

A

no one founder; belief that one was stuck in a continuous life and death cycle and reincarnation until one reaches Moska, a perfect understanding

62
Q

Buddhism

A

founded by buddha; followed the four noble truths and 8 fold path

63
Q

Judaism

A

founded by Abraham; followers await the coming of Jesus

64
Q

Christianity

A

built on the basis belief of Jesus

65
Q

Islam

A

follows 5 pillars; monotheistic; founded by Muhammed; follower are Muslims

66
Q

Karma

A

good or bad deed that follow one reincarnation to another

67
Q

Phoenician Trade

A

trade along the Mediterranean; first people to sail past the strait

68
Q

Torah

A

holy book of the Jewish people

69
Q

Qur’an

A

holy book of the muslim people

70
Q

Daosim

A

founder is Laozi; believes natural order is more important than social order; Dao guides all things in harmony with nature

71
Q

Yin and Yang

A

2 power that together that represents rhythms of life

72
Q

Yin

A

all that’s soft, dark, and mysterious

73
Q

Yang

A

warm, bright, hard, and clear

74
Q

Egyptians

A

under the rule of pharoah; built pyramids as resting place for pharaohs; had natural barriers

75
Q

Persians

A

started the royal roads; homeland from Caspian Sea to Persian Gulf

76
Q

Romans

A

people from rome that had a republic government and were either part of the Patricians and Plebeians

77
Q

Punic Wars

A

the wars that occurred between Rome and Carthage, Rome won all 3

78
Q

Ottomans

A

a small state in Anatolia that had a military success due to gunpoweder and cannons

79
Q

Byzantine Empire

A

eastern roman empire after the split

80
Q

Khanate of the Golden Horde

A

western part of the Mongol Empire

81
Q

Vikings

A

people from Scandinavia, that had a worlike culture and carried out raids from waterways

82
Q

Lief Ericson

A

reached North American almost 500 years before Columbus, gradually accepted Christianity, stopped raiding monasteries

83
Q

Feudalism

A

system based on rights/obligations

84
Q

Chivalry

A

an ideal knight expressing courage. honor, courtesy, and justice to help the weak

85
Q

Siege Weapons

A

device designed to break castle doors and other fortifications siege warfar

H World History Final (1 decks)

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