H&P Midterm Neuro Flashcards
What does worst HA/thunderclap flag for?
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
What does severe A with nuchal rigidity flag for?
Meningitis
What does dull HA with coughing, sneezing, and sudden movement flag for?
Mass lesion
what are the red flags that raise suspicion of worrisome secondary causes
go over this in slide 7
What can dizziness be?
Lightheaded/palps =
Spinning w/ nystagmus & ataxia =
Tunneling/blacking out =
Associated ataxia, diplopia, dysarthria =
Lightheaded/palps = arrythymias
Spinning w/ nystagmus & ataxia = vertigo
Tunneling/blacking out = Low BP
Associated ataxia, diplopia, dysarthria = stroke/TIA
What is paresthesia/dysesthesia?
Paresthesia = peculiar sensations WITHOUT an obvious stimulus (tingling, prickling, warm/cold, pressure)
Dysesthesia = Distorted sensations IN RESPONSE to an obvious stimulus (light burning/tingling)
Define syncope.
Sudden but temp LOC and postural tone due to decreased blood flow to brain.
What are the two kinds of strokes?
Ischemic (lack of oxygen to brain presents as sudden onset of focal neurological deficits)
Hemmorhagic (due to HTN presents as thunderclap HA)
FAST
face drooping
arm weakness
speech difficulty
time to call 911
What are the common risk factors for strokes?
HTN, Smoking, HLD, DM, Obesity, Heavy alcohol use, AFIB, Coronary artery disease (CAD)
Define delirium.
Acutely disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence of speech/thought.
Define dementia.
Chronic condition leading to cognitive decline. Characterized by impaired memory and reasoning.
Define depression.
Mental health disorder characterized by persistently depressed mood or loss of interest in activities.
What 3 things do I care most about in a neuro exam?
Mental status intact
Findings being symmetrical
If asymmetrical, is it CNS or PNS?
What are the components of the neuro exam?
Mental status
CN
Motor
Sensory
Reflexes
