H&P Flashcards

1
Q

Immunizations that protect against respiratory diseases

ADULT (3)

A

pneumococcal
influenza
Tdap (pertussis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Immunizations that protect against respiratory diseases

CHILD (8)

A
DTaP
rotavirus
HIB
PCV
IPV
influenza
MMR
varicella
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Barrel chest (5)

A

ribs are more horizontal

spine kyphotic

sternal angle prominent

trachea posteriorly displaced

AP diameter is increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

normal AP diameter to transverse diameter is

A

1:2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Kyphosis

A

the spine is deviated posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Scoliosis

A

the spine is deviated laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pectus carinatum

A

prominent sternal protrusion

aka “Pigeon chest”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pectus excavatum

A

indentation of the lower sternum above the xiphoid

aka “funnel chest”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pursed lips might indicate

A

increased expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

flared nares indicate

A

air hunger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

clubbing of finger nails indicates

A

chronic hypoxemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Orthopnea

A

SOB that begins or increases while supine

– if only at night = paroxysmal nocturnal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Platypnea

A

SOB increases in the upright position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hypopnea

A

abnormally shallow respirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cheyne-stokes

A

varying periods of increasing depth interspersed with apnea

may occur during sleep, especially infants, but typically in seriously ill patients – brain damage at the cerebral level or with drug-caused respiratory compromise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Kussmaul respiration

A

rapid, deep, labored breathing

severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure. It is a form of hyperventilation

17
Q

causes of Rate increases

A

metabolic acidosis, CNS lesions of the pons, Anxiety, ASA poisoning, hypoxemia, pain, exercise

18
Q

causes of Rate decreases

A

metabolic alkalosis, CNS lesions of the cerebrum, Myasthenia gravis, narcotic overdoses, extreme obesity, excellent fitness

19
Q

chest wall expansion is obstructed to inspiration

A

Retractions

can be superior or inferior

20
Q

superior retraction

A

in upper respiratory

stridor, chest wall caves at sternum and supra sternal notch

21
Q

retraction on one of bronchi

A

commonly in right

unilateral retraction

no involvement of suprasternal notch

22
Q

Crepitus

A

PALPATE

“rice krispies”

indicates air in the subcutaneous tissue (from a rupture somewhere in the respiratory system or infection with gas-producing organism)

23
Q

Pleural friction rub

A

PALPATE

coarse, grating vibration associated with inspiration (inflammation of the pleural surfaces)

24
Q

tactile fremitus

A

vibration of the chest wall

due to speech

25
tactile fremitus decreased when
Excess air in the lungs, emphysema, pleural thickening or effusion, bronchial obstruction
26
tactile fremitus
Lung consolidation, heavy bronchial secretions, compressed lung, tumor
27
tracheal deviation may be caused by
atelectasis, thyroid enlargement, pleural fibrosis, pleural infusion, tension pneumothorax, tumor