H&N Week 7 Flashcards
aetiology for omf surgery
assault
fall
sports
rta
industrial
self harm
scope of omf surgery
dentoalveolar
trauma hard and soft tissue
craniofacial surgery
cleft lip and palate surgery
salivary gland surgery
TMJ disorders
facial pain
midface trauma
zygoma
maxilla
naso/orbital/ethmoidal
orofacial swelling
usually odontogenic infection
threat to airway
oral malignancy
“head and neck cancer”
>90% squamous cell carcinoma
5 year survival rates by stage
stage I - 86%
stage II - 76%
stage III - 44%
stage IV - 20%
worrying signs
area of redness
combined (speckled) white/red lesion
indurated area of ulceration
area of ulceration which has been present for 3wks or more should be viewed as sus
a new area of melanin pigmentation should also be regarded as sus
management of oral malignancy
MDT management
MF surgeon/ENT surgeon
oncologist
restorative specialist
specialist nurses
speech and language therapist
physio
oral mucosa
mucous membrane that covers all structures inside the oral cavity except teeth
varies in colour from pink to brownish purple depending on an individual’s skin colour
what do you find on floor of mouth
lingual frenulum
sublingual folds
where do sublingual folds end
sublingual papillae at the base of the lingual frenulum
what opens into the sublingual papilla
duct for submandibular gland - Wharton’s duct
what is the submandibular gland duct called
Wharton’s duct
healthy tongue
flexible muscular organ
rough texture is produced by tiny papillae - filliform, fungiform, foliate, circumvallate
sensory nerves - lingual
taste - chorda tympani
motor nerve - hypoglossal
what nerve is tongue innervated by
hypoglossal
candidiasis
overgrowth of candida albicans
oral thrush
acute fungal infection
white patches that can be easily removed to reveal underlying red areas of inflammation (not AIDS) (pseudomembrane)
may be painful
other candida assoc lesions
chronic hyperplastic candidiasis
commissure
smokers
may see dysplasia
anti-fungals can help but try and stop smoking
minor ulcers
affect non-keratinised sites usually cheek floor of mouth and labial mucosa 1-5 ulcers (2-4mm) at any one time
heal in 2 weeks
major ulcers
typically affect posterior part of mouth, up to 1cm in diameter prolonged healing (several weeks)
may scar
contributory factors to ulcers
haematinic deficiencies
stress
trauma to oral mucosa
menstruation
hereditary
treatment of ulcers
symptomatic
antiseptic mouthwash
tetracycline mouthwashes
topical steroid prep
prognosis of ulcers
recurrent condition
xerostomia
dry mouth
due to reduced or absent saliva flow
symptom of certain med conditions
side effect of a radiation to the H&N
side effect of a variety of meds
clinical features of xerostomia
severe tooth destruction (decay and erosion)
dry atrophic and fissured tongue
mucosal soreness and infections
no salivary pool
parotid gland enlargement
inflam and fissuring of lips (cheilitis)
oral candidiasis
salivary gland infection
cause of herpes labialis
reactivation of herpes simplex virus from trigeminal ganglion
clinical features of herpes labialis
vesicular, ulcerated or crusting lesion which typically affects mucocutaneous junction of lip
often preceded by prickling sensation
white patch
leukoplakia
red patch
erythroplakia
videofluroscopy
functional v mechanical
speech therapist in attendance
diff consistencies of barium
Blom-Singer valve assessment
ultrasound
solid v cystic
vascularity (Doppler)
US guidance guided FNA
characterising lymph nodes
features of benign of lymph nodes
cystic nodes
microcalcification in thyroid mets
