H and N week 1 WET

Question 1

what are the 3 parts of the bony skull?

Answer 1

1. Neurocranium 2. Facial skull 3. Mandible

Question 2

What are the 3 layers in the structure of a skull bone?

Answer 2

spongy bone sandwiched between 2 layers compact bone

Question 3

what does the saggital suture separate?

Answer 3

the two parietal bones

Question 4

what does the lambdoid suture separate?

Answer 4

Occipital and parietal bone

Question 5

what does the coronal suture separate?

Answer 5

Frontal and parietal bone

Question 6

what is the pterion?

Answer 6

H shaped formation of sutures connecting the frontal parietal sphenoid and temporal bones

Question 7

whats the clinical significance of the pterion?

Answer 7

weakest part of the skull

Question 8

What is this prominence?

Answer 8

Occipital protruberance

Question 9

Whats this ?

Answer 9

The mastoid process

Question 10

Whats this?

Answer 10

The zygomatic arch

Question 11

whats this?

Answer 11

the styloid process

Question 12

whats this?

Answer 12

the occipital condyles

Question 13

indentify the fossae?

Answer 13

anterior, middle , posterior

Question 14

identify the wings of the sphenoid bone?

Answer 14

greater and lesser wings

Question 15

identify the pterygoid plates and what bone is this?

Answer 15

Sphenoid bone

Question 16

which cranial fossa is the foramen magnum in?

Answer 16

the posterior cranial fossa

Question 17

name 2 structures that pass through the formmen magnum

Answer 17

1. Right and left spinal arteries
2. Cranial nerve XI

Question 18

Label the sinuses

Answer 18

Question 19

what are the 3 ear ossicles?

Answer 19

• malleus
• incus
• stapes

Question 20

Identify the parts of this bone

Answer 20

Question 21

what is the part highlighted?

Answer 21

Petrous part of the temporal bones

Question 22

What are the boundaries of the scalp?

Answer 22

anteriorly- eyebrows

posteriorly - superior nuchal lines

laterally- superior temporal line

Question 23

what bone is the superior nuchal line a part of?

Answer 23

occipital bone

Question 24

which two bones form the zygomatic arch?

Answer 24

Temporal and zygomatic

Question 25

What type of joint is the zygomaticotemporal?

Answer 25

Oblique suture

Question 26

Name the 5 layers of the scalp

Answer 26

SCALP acronym Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose connective tissue Pericranium (membrane that covers the outer surface of bones)

Question 27

what two things does the epicranial aponeurosis connect?

Answer 27

the anterior and posterior bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle

Question 28

whats the action of the occipitofrontalis?

Answer 28

elevation of the eyebrows (wrinkles forehead)

Question 29

Whats the nerve supply to the scalp?

Answer 29

Anterior half is via the trigeminal nerve Posterior half is via C2 and C3

Question 30

What types of fibres are in V1, V2, V3 ?

Answer 30

V1 - purely sensory V2 - purely sensory V3 - sensory and motor

Question 31

label the dermatomes

Answer 31

Question 32

label the dermatomes

Answer 32

Question 33

in which layer of the scalp are blood vessels present?

Answer 33

(Dense) connective tissue

Question 34

which layer damage would cause scalp wounds to bleed profusely?

Answer 34

dense connective tissue

Question 35

whats the suprtrochlear artery a branch of?

Answer 35

ICA

Question 36

whats the supra-orbital artery a branch of?

Answer 36

ICA

Question 37

Whats the superficial temporal artery a branch of?

Answer 37

ECA

Question 38

whats the posterior auricular artery a branch of?

Answer 38

ECA

Question 39

whats the occipital artery a branch of?

Answer 39

ECA

Question 40

which vein is bigger, IJV or EVJ?

Answer 40

IJV is big EJV is thin

Question 41

What two veins do most of the veins that drain the scalp drain into?

Answer 41

EJV and IJV

Question 42

name 4 veins of the scalp that drain into the IJV and EJV

Answer 42

- surpaorbital vein - supratrochlear vein - facial vein - superficial temporal vein

Question 43

whats diploe?

Answer 43

spongy bone between two layers of cortical bone in the skull

Question 44

whats the complication of a scalp infection that can arise due to emissiary veins?

Answer 44

Extracrianial infections can become intracranial infections due to spread via emissiary veins

Question 45

are muscles of facial expression superficial or deep?

Answer 45

superficial

Question 46

where do muscles of facial expression attach?

Answer 46

originate from the skull and attach to the skin

Question 47

name 5 muscles of facial expression in this diagram

Answer 47

1. occipitofrontalis 2. buccinator 3. orbicularis oculi 4. orbicularis oris 5. platysma

Question 48

how are the muscles of facial expression innervated?

Answer 48

Facial nerve supplies em all

Question 49

which foramen does the facial nerve pass through?

Answer 49

stylomastoid foramen

Question 50

what are the bony points on the sides of the stylomastoid foramen?

Answer 50

- styloid process - mastoid process

Question 51

what is the salivary gland on the side of the face?

Answer 51

Parotid gland

Question 52

name the 3 pairs of salivary glands

Answer 52

1. parotid 2. submandibular 3. sublingual

Question 53

what type of gland is the parotid?

Answer 53

exocrine (salivary)

Question 54

whats the course of the parotid duct?

Answer 54

runs from gland then superficial to masseter and then pierces the buccinator to open into the oral cavity via the parotid papilla which lies across the second superior molar

Question 55

name a vein artery and nerve entering or leaving the parotid gland

Answer 55

1. facial nerve 2. Facial artery 3. facial vein

Question 56

whats the sympathetic and parasympathetic supply for the parotid gland?

Answer 56

Symp - external carotid nerve plexus Para- glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 57

name the arteries of the face

Answer 57

main one to know is the facial artery