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Head and Neck Anatomy > H and N week 1 WET > Flashcards

H and N week 1 WET Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 parts of the bony skull?

A
  1. Neurocranium 2. Facial skull 3. Mandible
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2
Q

What are the 3 layers in the structure of a skull bone?

A

spongy bone sandwiched between 2 layers compact bone

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3
Q

what does the saggital suture separate?

A

the two parietal bones

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4
Q

what does the lambdoid suture separate?

A

Occipital and parietal bone

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5
Q

what does the coronal suture separate?

A

Frontal and parietal bone

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6
Q

what is the pterion?

A

H shaped formation of sutures connecting the frontal parietal sphenoid and temporal bones

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7
Q

whats the clinical significance of the pterion?

A

weakest part of the skull

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8
Q

What is this prominence?

A

Occipital protruberance

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9
Q

Whats this ?

A

The mastoid process

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10
Q

Whats this?

A

The zygomatic arch

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11
Q

whats this?

A

the styloid process

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12
Q

whats this?

A

the occipital condyles

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13
Q

indentify the fossae?

A

anterior, middle , posterior

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14
Q

identify the wings of the sphenoid bone?

A

greater and lesser wings

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15
Q

identify the pterygoid plates and what bone is this?

A

Sphenoid bone

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16
Q

which cranial fossa is the foramen magnum in?

A

the posterior cranial fossa

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17
Q

name 2 structures that pass through the formmen magnum

A
  1. Right and left spinal arteries
  2. Cranial nerve XI
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18
Q

Label the sinuses

A
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19
Q

what are the 3 ear ossicles?

A
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
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20
Q

Identify the parts of this bone

A
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21
Q

what is the part highlighted?

A

Petrous part of the temporal bones

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22
Q

What are the boundaries of the scalp?

A

anteriorly- eyebrows

posteriorly - superior nuchal lines

laterally- superior temporal line

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23
Q

what bone is the superior nuchal line a part of?

A

occipital bone

24
Q

which two bones form the zygomatic arch?

A

Temporal and zygomatic

25
Q

What type of joint is the zygomaticotemporal?

A

Oblique suture

26
Q

Name the 5 layers of the scalp

A

SCALP acronym

Skin

Connective tissue

Aponeurosis

Loose connective tissue

Pericranium (membrane that covers the outer surface of bones)

27
Q

what two things does the epicranial aponeurosis connect?

A

the anterior and posterior bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle

28
Q

whats the action of the occipitofrontalis?

A

elevation of the eyebrows (wrinkles forehead)

29
Q

Whats the nerve supply to the scalp?

A

Anterior half is via the trigeminal nerve

Posterior half is via C2 and C3

30
Q

What types of fibres are in V1, V2, V3 ?

A

V1 - purely sensory

V2 - purely sensory

V3 - sensory and motor

31
Q

label the dermatomes

A
32
Q

label the dermatomes

A
33
Q

in which layer of the scalp are blood vessels present?

A

(Dense) connective tissue

34
Q

which layer damage would cause scalp wounds to bleed profusely?

A

dense connective tissue

35
Q

whats the suprtrochlear artery a branch of?

A

ICA

36
Q

whats the supra-orbital artery a branch of?

A

ICA

37
Q

Whats the superficial temporal artery a branch of?

A

ECA

38
Q

whats the posterior auricular artery a branch of?

A

ECA

39
Q

whats the occipital artery a branch of?

A

ECA

40
Q

which vein is bigger, IJV or EVJ?

A

IJV is big

EJV is thin

41
Q

What two veins do most of the veins that drain the scalp drain into?

A

EJV and IJV

42
Q

name 4 veins of the scalp that drain into the IJV and EJV

A
  • surpaorbital vein
  • supratrochlear vein
  • facial vein
  • superficial temporal vein
43
Q

whats diploe?

A

spongy bone between two layers of cortical bone in the skull

44
Q

whats the complication of a scalp infection that can arise due to emissiary veins?

A

Extracrianial infections can become intracranial infections due to spread via emissiary veins

45
Q

are muscles of facial expression superficial or deep?

A

superficial

46
Q

where do muscles of facial expression attach?

A

originate from the skull and attach to the skin

47
Q

name 5 muscles of facial expression in this diagram

A
  1. occipitofrontalis
  2. buccinator
  3. orbicularis oculi
  4. orbicularis oris
  5. platysma
48
Q

how are the muscles of facial expression innervated?

A

Facial nerve supplies em all

49
Q

which foramen does the facial nerve pass through?

A

stylomastoid foramen

50
Q

what are the bony points on the sides of the stylomastoid foramen?

A
  • styloid process
  • mastoid process
51
Q

what is the salivary gland on the side of the face?

A

Parotid gland

52
Q

name the 3 pairs of salivary glands

A
  1. parotid
  2. submandibular
  3. sublingual
53
Q

what type of gland is the parotid?

A

exocrine (salivary)

54
Q

whats the course of the parotid duct?

A

runs from gland then superficial to masseter and then pierces the buccinator to open into the oral cavity via the parotid papilla which lies across the second superior molar

55
Q

name a vein artery and nerve entering or leaving the parotid gland

A
  1. facial nerve
  2. Facial artery
  3. facial vein
56
Q

whats the sympathetic and parasympathetic supply for the parotid gland?

A

Symp - external carotid nerve plexus

Para- glossopharyngeal nerve

57
Q

name the arteries of the face

A

main one to know is the facial artery

Head and Neck Anatomy (2 decks)

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