H Flashcards
Treatment of bleeding
Peep
Position, exposure, elevate, pressure
Imbedded wounds
Support victims body weight
Reassurance to the victim
Treat any blood loss
Treat for shock
Dial 999
Server airway obstruction
Unable to speak
Respond by nodding
Unable to breath
Sounds wheezy
Unconscious
Types of wounds
Contusion
Laceration
Incision
Puncture
Gunshot
Graze
Stab
Types of bleeds
Arterial- open artery bright red blood
Venous- blood dark red from an open vein
Internal bleeding
Wound characteristics
Contusion- deep cut in the skin
Incision- surgical cut made in the skin
Acts that govern first aid
Health and safety act 1974
First aid regulations act 1981
Level of burns
Superficial epidermal burn
Superficial dermal burn
Full thinkness burn
Partial thickness burn
Circulation check
When bandaging a limb make sure to immediately check on the circulation and after each 10 minutes
Treatment of burns
Make sure to keep the water flowing the same temperature as the room for 20 minutes
Dislocation
Strain- over stretched muscle
Sprain- twisted ligament
Fractures- break in the bone
What is a wound
When am injury results in damaging and breaking the skin which leads to loss of blood which results in an infection in the blood
Avpu
Alert
Voice
Pain
Unresponsive
What does shock do
It kills you
Treatment of spinal injury
Keep the neck and head stable as well as maintaining an open airway by jaw thrust
FAAW
First aid at work
Eye injury
Make sure not to remove any object from the eyes as well as bandaging both eyes. Make sure to were gloves
Then position victim on the floor with head and shoulders raised and head supported
Penetrating chest wounds
Injuries to the chest can cause heart and lung failure as well as fractures ribs.
IF WOUND IS NOT BLEEDING LEAVE IT EXPOSED
3ps of first aid
Preserve life
Prevent the condition from escalating
Promote recovery
What to do if some one is chocking
5 back blows of that does not work make sure to do 5 abdominal thrusts
Definition of ABC
A- airway open by using head tilt and chin lift
B- place eat near mouth and detect for any movement of the chest
C- if breathing is detected there is circulation
What is abc
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Crush injuries
Make sure to remove the foreign object before 15 minutes, if not kidney failure may occur
Responsibility of first aiders
Asses the situation
Diagnose the situation
Treat the situation
Prioritise the needy ones eg unconscious
Secondary survey (head to toe)
S- signs and symptoms
A-allergies
M-medication
P-previous related medication
L-last oral intake
E-event history
Cause of unconsciences
FISHSHAPED
Fainting infection, shock, head injury, stroke, heart attack, asphyxia, poisoning, epilepsy, diabetes
What is fainting
Reduction of blood to the brain
What is concussion
Impact to skull
Compression
Pressure on the brain
What to do if someone has a stroke
Reassure them and call 999
What to do when handing the situation to emergency services?
Need to know if they are still unresponsive need to know the number of shocks given
need to know when they collapsed
Any relevant history
Health and safety when using AED
No jewellery must be worn
Chest Hair must be removed
No water or sweat
How to suspect a stroke using fast test
Facial weakness, arm weakness speech problems, and time
What is epilepsy
Electrical activity in the brain causing seizures
What is hypoglycaemia
Low blood sugar
What is hyperglycaemia
High blood sugar
What is CPR?
First aid technique used, if not breathing, or the heart has stopped
What does CPR do?
CPR provides oxygen to the brain
Chain of survival
Early recognition, early CPR, early defibrillator relation and post resurrection care
What is AED
Automated external defibrillator
CPR instructions
Start off by giving 30 chest compressions, and finishing with 2 rescue breath and repeats until they wake up or until help arrives
What is a defibrillator?
Restore normal heartbeat
Code red
Blood or cut them selves
Code blue
Unconscious
Ceasing C.P.R
R the casulty shows Signs of becoming Responsive
E You become Exhausted
Ambulance staff take over
D becomes too dangenous
Q another Qualified person takes over.
