Gynaecology Flashcards
Types of Germ Cell Tumors
Cystic teratoma, solid teratoma, dysgerminoma, endodermal sinus tumor
Types of Sex Cord Stromal Tumors
Granulosa cell tumors, Sertoli-Leydig cells, fibroma, fibrosarcoma
Types of Epithelial Tumors
Serous cystadenoma, serous cystadenocarcinoma, mucinous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, endometroid, clear cell carcinoma, Brenner tumor
Most common uterine anomaly
Arcuate uterus
Uterine anomaly with increased risk of infertility/loss
Septated uterus
Descent of uterus into vaginal canal
Uterine prolapse
Complications of IUCDs
Expulsion, improper placement, PID, sterility, ectopic
Describe Asherman’s syndrome
Endometrium replaced with fibrous adhesions that may cause loss of menstruation or infertility
Causes of Asherman’s syndrome
D&C, multiple abortions, infection
Cause of endometrial hyperplasia
Unopposed estrogen stimulation from ovarian dysfunction
Endometrial growths with stalk extending into endometrial canal, cervix, or vagina
Endometrial polyps
Define synechiae
Scars in the uterus from varying etiologies
Extension of endometrial tissue into the myometrium
Adenomyosis
Most common site of Adenomyosis
Posterior wall
Differential for prominent vascular structures around uterine periphery
Uterine varices or prominent arcuate vessels
Benign neoplastic mass of fibromuscular tissue
Leiomyoma, or fibroids
Most frequent tumor in the female pelvis
Fibroids
Fibroids change in size with exposure to what hormone?
Estrogen
Uncommon benign tumor made of fat and fibromuscular material
Lipoleiomyoma
In what location is a fibroids most likely to cause infertility?
Submucosal - projecting into uterine cavity
What is the most common location for fibroids?
Intramural - confined to myometrium
What type of fibroid can cause difficulty in childbirth?
Subserosal - projecting from perimetrium
Post-menopausal bleeding is concerning for what condition?
Endometrial cancer
Risk factors for leiomyosarcomas
Postmenopausal, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, PCOS, granulosa cell tumors
