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Zero to Finals: Women's Health > Gynaecology > Flashcards

Gynaecology Flashcards

1
Q

differentials for primary amenorrhoea?

A
  • hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
  • hypergonadotropic hypogonadism
  • imperforate hymen
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2
Q

differentials for secondary amenorrhoea?

A
  • pregnancy (commonest)
  • menopause
  • physiological stress
  • PCOS
  • contraceptives
  • premature ovarian insufficiency
  • hormonal (thyroid dysfunction, prolactinoma, cushing’s syndrome)
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3
Q

physiological stressors which could cause amenorrhoea?

A
  • over-exercising
  • low body weight
  • chronic disease
  • psychosocial
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4
Q

differentials for abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB)?

A
  • extremes of reproductive age
  • PCOS
  • physiological stress
  • drugs
  • hormonal imbalances
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5
Q

hormonal causes of amenorrhoea / AUB?

A
  • thyroid dysfunction
  • high prolactin
  • cushing’s syndrome
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6
Q

differentials for intermenstrual bleeding (IMB)?

A
  • red flag for cervical Ca !!!!
  • cervical ectropion / polyps
  • contraception
  • STI
  • endometrial polyps / Ca
  • vaginal Ca
  • pregnancy
  • drugs
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7
Q

drug causes of AUB?

A
  • contraception
  • antidepressants
  • antipsychotics
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8
Q

drug causes of IMB?

A
  • SSRIs

- anticoagulants

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9
Q

causes of dysmenorrhoea?

A
  • primary (no underlying cause)
  • endometriosis
  • adenomyosis
  • fibroids
  • PID
  • copper coil
  • cervical / ovarian Ca
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10
Q

causes of menorrhagia?

A
  • dysfunctional uterine bleeding (no underlying cause)
  • extremes of reproductive age
  • fibroids
  • endometriosis
  • adenomyosis
  • PID
  • meds (copper coil, anticoagulants)
  • bleeding disorders (e.g. von willebrand disease)
  • endocrine
  • connective tissue disease
  • endometrial Ca
  • PCOS
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11
Q

endocrine causes of menorrhagia?

A
  • diabetes

- hypothyroidism

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12
Q

differentials for postcoital bleeding (PCB)?

A
  • red flag for cervical Ca !!!!
  • cervical ectropion
  • infection
  • trauma
  • atrophic vaginitis
  • polyps
  • endometrial Ca
  • vaginal Ca
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13
Q

causes of pelvic pain? hint: there’s a LOT

A
  • UTI
  • dysmenorrhoea
  • IBS
  • IBD
  • ovarian cysts
  • ovarian torsion
  • endometriosis
  • PID
  • ectopic pregnancy
  • appendicitis
  • mittelschmerz pain
  • pelvic adhesions
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14
Q

what is mittelschmerz pain?

A

cyclical pelvic pain during ovulation

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15
Q

causes for a change in vaginal discharge?

A
  • infection
  • foreign body
  • cervical ectropion / polyps
  • malignancy
  • pregnancy
  • ovulation
  • contraceptives
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16
Q

examples of infection which could cause a change in vaginal discharge?

A
  • BV
  • candidiasis (thrush)
  • chlamydia
  • gonorrhoea
  • trichomonas vaginalis
17
Q

causes of vaginal / vulval itching (pruritus)?

A
  • atrophic vaginitis
  • infection
  • eczema
  • vulval Ca
  • pregnancy
  • urinary / faecal incontinence
  • stress
18
Q

examples of infections which could give vulval itching?

A
  • thrush

- public lice

Zero to Finals: Women's Health (3 decks)

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