Gynae cancers! Flashcards
What is passing vaginal blood post-menopaus until proven otherwise?
Endometrial cancer
What is clinically significant about pyometra in relation to endometrial cancer?
It can hide occult malignancy
What are the symptoms associated with endometrial cancer?
- Post-menopausal bleeding
* Inter-menstural bleeding
What are the risks associated with developing endometrial cancer?
- Weight → obesity ↑↑ risk
- Null parity
- Late menopause
- Unopposed exposure to oestrogen → HRT,
- Tamoxifen
- Combination pill
- Smoking
What type of cancer is endometrial cancer?
Adenocarcinoma
What is the triple investigation for uterine/endometrial cancer?
• clinical Hx and examination + Transvaginal USS scan + Hysteroscopy
What is the best mode of imagine to stage uterine/endometrial cancer?
MRI
What is the treatment for Uterine/endometrial cancer?
Treatment is stage dependent.
Surgery ± chemotherapy ± radiotherapy
What are the diagnostic tests for uterine/endometrial cancer?
triple investigation → clinical Hx and examination + Transvaginal USS scan + Hysteroscopy
What is the first line treatment for Ovarian cancer?
Ultrasound
What cancer marker can be used to detect ovarian cancer?
Ca-125
What is the most common cause of gynecological cancer deaths?
ovarian cancer
Which genes are associated with a raised risk of contracting Ovarian cancer?
BRCA 1 + BRCA 2
What is the major problem with developing Ovarian cancer?
It is incredibly hard to detect unitil it at an advanced stage
What are the symptoms of Ovarian cancer?
- Persistent bloating and vague abdominal pain
- Feeling of pressure in the pelvic area
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss
- Lower back pain
- Dyspareunia
- Altered bowel habit
