Gynae anatomy

Question 1

Which ligament attaches the uterus to the ovary?

Answer 1

ovarian ligament

Question 2

From anterior to posterior, which order are the round ligament, ovarian ligament and fallopian tubes in.

Answer 2

Round ligament, fallopian tube and ovarian ligament (most posterior)

Question 3

What structure is anterior to the fallopian tube?

Answer 3

Round ligament

Question 4

Which structure contains the ovarian vessels and has to be divided in a TAH and BOS?

Answer 4

Infundibulo-pelvic liagment

Question 5

Which ligment does endometriosis commonly affect?

Answer 5

Uterosacral ligaments which are situated behind the uterus.

Question 6

Through which ligaments can a cervical carcinoma spread to the pelvic side wall?

Answer 6

Broad ligaments or more specifically the transverse cervical ligaments (cardinal ligaments) which are situated in the caudal portion of the broad ligament.

Question 7

Which condition is most commonly associated with hypogonadism? and what are other features of this condition?

Answer 7

Klinefelter’s - tall stature, small testes and penis, feminine fat distribution and absent facial, axillary and pubic harr and low gonadotrophin levels.

Question 8

Name the condiions, when a genotypic male from developing a male phenotype. (look like female)

Answer 8

testicular feminisation, androgen insensitivity, 5-alpha-reductase deficiency.

Question 9

What occurs in 5-alpha-reductase deficiency?

Answer 9

autosomal recessive condition that results in the inability to convert testosterone to its active form- dihydrotestosterone.

Question 10

When is an absent uterus seen?

Answer 10

Mullerian agenesis (this is an embryological problem) when ducts which give rise to the uterus, fallopian tubes and the upper part of the vagina are missing. Ovaries are not affected and therefore the hormonal profile is normal with normal secondary sexual characteristics. The reason for seeking help is primarily primary amenorrhea. (normal female karyotype)