GYNAE Flashcards
where do LHRH and FSHRH come from?
hypothalamus
where to LH and FSH come from ?
ant pituitary
which day do progesterone levels peak?
21
average amount of blood loss in period
30-40ml
management of abnormal uterine bleeding no pathology
- IUS
- TXA, mefanamic acid (during menses only) or COCP
- noresthisterone days 5-26 of cycle or implant/depot
- surgery - ablation, hysterectomy, myomectomy etc
management of dysmenorrhoea (primary)
NSAIDs eg ibuprofen, mefanamic acid, naproxen (+/- patacetomol) COCP for 3-6 trial hot water bottle TENS stop smoking
risk factors for endometrial cancer
PCOS, obesity, FHx (breast, ovary, colon), DM, nulliarity, late menopause/early menarche, unopposed oestrogen, pelvic irradiation hx, tamoxifen, HTN
definition of amenorrhoea
not started by 16 yrs
definition of oligomenorrhoea
occurs every 36 days-6 months
which criteria is used to diagnoise PCOS
rotterdam consensus criteria
imaging signs of PCOS (2)
> 12 follicles OR
increased ovarian volume
if 17-hydroxyprogesterone is raised what is this indicative of? (amenorrhoea)
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
diagnosis of menopause
12 months of amenorrhoea
mean age of menopause
51
4 things menopause increases risk of
CVD
stroke
osteoporosis
atrophic changes in vagina or bladder
when do you do an FSH blood test to diagnose menopause (3)
> 45yrs with atypical symptoms
40-45 with menopausal symptoms
<40 yrs if suspect premature menopause
age of premature ovarian insufficiency
<40yrs
how to diagnose premature menopause
menopausal symptoms + 2x elevated FSH taken 4-6 weeks apart
what is anti-mullerian hormone testing
see how many eggs have left
how long after menopause are you still fertile
2yrs after LMP if <50 and 1 yr if >50
3 common places for endometriosis in pelvis
uterosacral ligaments, pouch of douglas, on or behind ovaries
what are chocolate cysts
endometriosis
2 protective factors for endometriosis
muliparity, OCP
management of PID when low risk of gonorrhoea
ofloxacin + metro PO for 14 days
