GYN and Breast Flashcards
What is the most common histologic type of breast cancer?
A) infiltrating ductal carcinoma
B) medullary carcinoma
C) invasive lobular carcinoma
D) noninvasive intraductal carcinoma
E) papillary ductal carcinoma
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
What is the most common benign breast mass in women under the age of 30?
Fibroadenoma
Which of the following is most characteristic of fibrocystic breast changes?
A) Fixed, non-tender lump
B) Cyclic breast pain with lumpiness
C) Unilateral nipple discharge
D) Skin dimpling over the mass
Cyclic breast pain with lumpiness
Fibrocystic breast changes are associated with cyclic pain and diffuse lumpiness, which typically fluctuates with the menstrual cycle
Which benign breast condition is most commonly associated with a bloody nipple discharge?
A) Fibrocystic breast changes
B) Intraductal papilloma
C) Fibroadenoma
D) Mastitis
Intraductal papilloma
Intraductal papillomas, which are small growths within the breast ducts, can cause spontaneous bloody nipple discharge
A 24-year-old woman presents with a painless, mobile, rubbery breast lump that she first noticed 6 months ago. The lump has not changed in size and she denies any nipple discharge or skin changes. On physical examination, the mass is well-circumscribed and mobile. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Fibrocystic breast changes
B) Fibroadenoma
C) Breast abscess
D) Breast carcinoma
Fibroadenoma
A well-circumscribed, mobile, and painless mass in a young woman is most consistent with a fibroadenoma, a common benign breast tumor
A 35-year-old woman presents with a small amount of bloody discharge from her right nipple. She denies breast pain or any palpable masses. Physical exam reveals no significant findings aside from the nipple discharge. What is the most likely cause of her symptoms?
A) Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
B) Intraductal papilloma
C) Fibrocystic breast changes
D) Mastitis
Intraductal papilloma
Intraductal papilloma is the most common cause of spontaneous bloody nipple discharge in the absence of a mass or other concerning findings
A 30-year-old breastfeeding woman presents with a painful, swollen area in her left breast. She has a fever of 101.5°F and reports that the affected area has become red and tender over the last 48 hours. On exam, the left breast is erythematous and warm to the touch. What is the most appropriate initial treatment?
A) Warm compresses and observation
B) Breast ultrasound
C) Oral antibiotics and continued breastfeeding
D) Aspiration of the affected area
Oral antibiotics and continued breastfeeding
This presentation is consistent with mastitis, an infection of the breast tissue. Oral antibiotics are indicated, and continued breastfeeding helps relieve milk stasis, which can worsen the infection
A 40-year-old woman presents with a painful, firm breast mass that developed rapidly over the past few days. She is not breastfeeding and has no history of trauma. On physical exam, the mass is tender and there is associated erythema over the area. Breast ultrasound reveals a fluid collection within the mass. What is the most appropriate next step in management?
A) Needle aspiration of the fluid
B) Oral antibiotics
C) Surgical excision of the mass
D) Core needle biopsy
Needle aspiration of the fluid
The ultrasound findings suggest a breast abscess. Needle aspiration of the abscess is the first-line treatment to relieve the infection and prevent complications
A 43-year-old woman has a routine mammogram that shows an area with microcalcifications. After discussing the risks versus benefits, she decides to proceed with a biopsy. Which biopsy technique is preferred in this scenario?
Core-needle biopsy
Core-needle biopsy is the preferred technique used to biopsy most breast lesions that are suspicious for malignancy. It is the method used for both palpable and nonpalpable breast lesions.
