Gymnosperms (conifers) - assignment 4

Question 1

what does spermatophytes, gymnosperms and conifers mean ?

Answer 1

• spermatophytes: produce fruit, most important characteristic for survival on land, natural selection for evolution
• gymnosperms: naked seed produced, not in fruit
• conifers: produce cones/pines

Question 2

habitat of conifers:

Answer 2

all over the world, different conditions even tundra

Question 3

how does the tap root system help conifers

Answer 3

a conifer is tall so it is deeply anchored by a tap root system, to grow against mountains

Question 4

how does mychorhiza help conifers

Answer 4

they are fungal threads that help to absorb water (like root hairs)

Question 5

how does vascular tissue help conifers

Answer 5

tracheids (xylem) makes tree soft and transport water very high

Question 6

how does the needle like leaves help the conifer

Answer 6

it has cuticles that prevent water loss

Question 7

how does the male cones help

Answer 7

produce pollen, that is transported for reproduction.

Question 8

difference between A) male cones and B) female cones

Answer 8

Male cones

• micro sporangio
• situated at end of long branch
• in groups
• pollen then sperm cells

Female cones

• macro sporangium
• situated at end of short branch
• singular
• egg cell

Question 9

(look at sketch) why are A the sporophytes and B the gametpphytes

Answer 9

A- sporophytes have sproangium that produces spores

B- gametophytes have the sex organs that produce gametes

Question 10

(look at sketch) supply labels

Answer 10

1-pollen
2- egg cell
3-zygote
4- seed
5- embryo

Question 11

( look at skech) what are the processes that occur at C and D

Answer 11

c- meiosis

d- fertilization

Question 12

which are haploid and which are diploid

Answer 12

haploid: 1,2
diploid: 3,4,5

Question 13

biological importance of conifers for humans

Answer 13

• used as cough syrup
• wood pulp for paper
• build houses
• habitat for birds
• antique yellow wood furniture
• packaging