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gyatt Flashcards

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1
Q

What is animation?

A

Animation is the creation of simulated movement by using a series of images.

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2
Q

For many years, animation has been used to produce what?

A

For many years, animation has been used to produce cartoons.

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3
Q

According to the chapter, animation today is also used to produce special effects in what four areas?

A

Today, it is also used to produce special effects in commercials, live action movies, video games, and websites.

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4
Q

When was animation first used? In what?

A

Animation was first used in the 1800s in toys.

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5
Q

What is a zoetrope?

A

One toy, the zoetrope, used a cylinder and a long strip of paper with a series of images.When the cylinder was rotated, the images could be viewed through slits in the cylinder. The images appeared to move.

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6
Q

The zoetrope and similar toys led to the development of what?

A

The zoetrope and similar toys led to the development of motion pictures.

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7
Q

What is another simple animation device the chapter mentions?

A

Another simple animation device is the flip book.

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8
Q

What does a flip book consist of?

A

It consists of a sequence of drawings placed on top of each other and fastened together along one edge.

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9
Q

When the pages are flipped rapidly in a flipbook what does the image appear to do?

A

When the pages are flipped rapidly, the image appears to move.

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10
Q

Why does the image appear to move?

A

The image appears to move because the eye sends signals to the brain faster than the brain can process them. Before the brain has finished processing one image, it receives another.

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11
Q

What is this called?

A

This blending of individual images into one image seems to move is called persistence of vision.

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12
Q

Television programs and movies create the illusion of movement by showing ______ still pictures per ____________

A

24

second

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13
Q

Modern animation techniques can be divided into what four basic types?

A

Modern animation techniques can be divided into hand drawing animation, stop-motion animation, computer animation, and motion square animation.

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14
Q

In hand-drawn animation, each drawing makes up how many frames?

A

Each drawing is made up of one frame of the film.

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15
Q

What changes slightly from frame to frame?

A

The position of the character or object changes very slightly from frame to frame.

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16
Q

The technique of drawing on celluloid paper is known as what?

A

This technique is known as cel animation.

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17
Q

Why is this technique known as cel animation?

A

This is because the first animated characters were drawn on thin sheets of celluloid paper.

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18
Q

Cel animation has been used to create many well-known what?

A

Cel animation has been used to create many well-known cartoons and feature films.

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19
Q

What film did Walt Disney release in 1937?

A

In 1937, Walt Dinsey released Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.

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20
Q

Snow White and the Seven Dwarves was the first what?

A

This was the first full-length animated film produced using cel animation.

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21
Q

What is stop-motion animation?

A

In stop-motion animation, models are photographed on a set one frame at a time. The frames are then sequenced to create movement.

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22
Q

What were early stop-motion models made of?

A

Early stop-motion models were made of modeling clay.

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23
Q

More recent models have what?

A

More recent models have a rubber skin over a removable metal frame.

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24
Q

Besides silicone rubber over metal frame, what is another way stop-motion models are created now?

A

They can be created entirely on the computer.

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25
Q

What was the Pillsbury Doughboy created with?

A

He was created using stop-motion animation.

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26
Q

The skills of _______, _______, and ______ are important in traditional animation.

A

layout

design

timing

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27
Q

The skills a traditional animator needed are also important in what kind of animation today?

A

These same skills are also important in computer animation.

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27
Q

What four things does the chapter say computer animation software can be used for?

A

Computer animation software can be used to create an animated scene, a cartoon, a video game, or even a full length movie.

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27
Q

What is a common way animation is used in the classroom?

A

A common way it’s used in the classroom is that your teacher might be using a powerpoint presentation to show the class something.

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27
Q

A few skilled computer artists can replace what?

A

A few skilled artists can replace the need of the dozens of animators needed to draw and color the individual frames.

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27
Q

Computers can greatly reduce the time needed to produce what?

A

Computers can greatly reduce the time needed to produce a 2D animated feature.

27
Q

What does three-dimensional animation add?

A

Three-dimensional animation adds realism and excitement.

27
Q

Paint programs can also be used to add what?

A

Paint programs can also be used to add color to the drawings.

27
Q

Is it necessary to hand-trace and color each frame?

A

There is no need to hand trace and color each frame.

28
Q

After storyboards are created, what can begin?

A

After the storyboard is created the modeling can begin.

28
Q

What was the first completely computer-animated movie?

A

The first completely computer-animated movie was Toy Story. released in 1995.

28
Q

Once the models are created, what can begin?

A

Once the models are created the animation can begin.

28
Q

What does CAD stand for?

A

CAD stands for Computer aided design.

28
Q

Professional quality animation requires what?

A

Professional quality animations require expensive software and fast computers with a lot of memory.

28
Q

What does a “key frame” show?

A

A key frame shows the beginning or endpoint in an action sequence.

28
Q

What is motion-caption animation

A

Motion-captured animation is a 3d representation of a live performance.

28
Q

What is Magnetic motion capturing?

A

Magnetic motion capturing uses sensors placed on an actor’s body that measure magnetic fields created by a transmitter.

28
Q

What is optical motion capturing?

A

Optical motion capture uses video cameras to track the motion of light emitting diodes or reflective markers placed on the joints of the actor’s body.

28
Q

What is electro-mechanical technology?

A

Electro mechanical devices resemble an exoskeleton that is worn by the actor being recorded.

28
Q

Drawing tools similar to those used in what programs are used to draw free-form shapes?

A

Drawings similar To The in CAD programs Are used to draw freeform shapes.

28
Q

How many storyboards would a typical full-length animated feature require?

A

A typical full-length animated feature requires more than 4000 storyboard drawings.

28
Q

Why was Gollum in Lord of the Rings so realistic?

A

The gollum in the Lord Of The Rings because an actor’s motions were used.

28
Q

What three technologies can be used to do motion-caption animation?

A

This animation can be done using three different technologies: magnetic, optical, and electo-mechanical.

28
Q

“Modeling” refers to what?

A

Modeling refers to using computer software to create 3d computer models of characters, props, and sets.

28
Q

Why is motion caption animation one of the fastest growing animations?

A

It’s one of the fastest growing animations because it creates such realistic movements

28
Q

What is a storyboard?

A

A storyboard is a series of sketches that can be used as a guide for making a show.

29
Q

How does the process of 3D modeling usually begin?

A

The process usually begins with computer generated shapes such as spheres, cubes, cylinders, and cones.

30
Q

What does shading add?

A

Shading adds colors and textures to the objects.

30
Q

What do you use to draw a key frame?

A

Key frames are drawn using the 3-D models.

31
Q

The computer then generates the ______ frames needed to simulate motion

A

in between

32
Q

Shading, lighting, and rendering are all used to add what?

A

Shading lighting and rendering are all used to add realism.

33
Q

Lighting is used to add what?

A

lighting is used to add elimination shadows to scenes.

34
Q

What does rendering combine?

A

It combines computer info from modeling, shading and animation to make the final image.

35
Q

What are the number of the different techniques the Web designers use to create animation?

A

There are a number of techniques web designers use to create animation.

36
Q

What does GIF stand for

A

GIF stands for graphic interchange format.

37
Q

What are the advantages/disadvantages of GIF animation?

A

It takes up a lot of file space and is cruder but it works well with most browsers.

38
Q

What is streaming? And what does streaming allow?

A

Streaming allows the movie to start playing before it finishes downloading. To create a movie using a process is called streaming.

39
Q

Describe how videogames are started and describe the details included in the storyboard process?

A

like other kinds of animations, video games start with a story.

40
Q

List several reasons why FLASH has become one of the most popular Web Animation programs?

A

One, it can be used to produce high quality animations and movies, two the plug-in needed to view them is included or can be downloaded for free on most browsers.

41
Q

What is the key animation between video games and movie animations?

A

A key difference between video games and movie animation is that video games need to be interactive.

42
Q

What is the job of the design team in planning?

A

Design teams will give artists an idea of the character that will be needed.

43
Q

Once the initial game is complete what takes place during the POST production?

A

Extensive testing of the game take place before its released.

43
Q

Identify several uses for animation

A

Video games, movies, animations, commercials, and class work.

44
Q

2.Explain persistence of vision

A

The persistence of vision is an optical illusion where the eyes still see something for a fraction of a second after it has disappeared from view.

45
Q

What information do storyboards include?

A

Storyboard includes the frames that will give you each shot.

46
Q

What are the three types of motion capture animation?

A

The three types of motion capture animations are magnetic, optical, and electo-mechanical.

46
Q

What is the difference between stop motion animation and motion capture animation?

A

In stop-motion animation, models are photographed on a set on frame at a time. The frames are then sequenced to create movement, whereas Motion-captured animation is a 3d representation of a live performance.

46
Q

Identify the main differences between hand drawn animation and computer animation.

A

In hand-drawn animation, each drawing makes up how many frames?
Each drawing is made up of one frame of the film whereas Computer animation software can be used to create an animated scene, a cartoon, a video game, or even a full length movie.

47
Q

7.What is animation cel?

A

Animation cel is a traditional form of animation where the characters were drawn on celluloid paper.

48
Q

.What is a key frame?

A

A key frame defines the starting or an ending of a character.

49
Q

9.Identify two different types of web animation.

A

Two types of animation are GIF and powerpoint.

50
Q

Describe a key difference for video game animation and movie animation.

A

A key difference between video games and movie animation is that video games need to be interactive.

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