Guyton Chapter 80

Question 1

Draw the gross anatomy of the male reproductive tract

Answer 1

.

Question 2

Describe the route of sperm from formation to ejaculation through the urethra.

Answer 2

Formation in seminiferous tubules.
Epididymis.
Vas deferens.
Ampulla of vas deferens.
Into ejaculatory duct of prostate (+prostatic duct secretions + seminal vesicle secretions).
Urethra (+bulbourethral gland secretions BILATERAL).

Question 3

What are the three male reproductive functions?

Answer 3

Spermatogenesis

Performance of the male sexual act

Regulation of male reproductive function by hormones

Question 4

Draw the anatomy of a seminiferous tubule. Label Leydig cells, primary spermatocytes, spermatogonium, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids, and Sertoli cells

Answer 4

.

Question 5

What is the first stage of spermatogenesis? (Think Sertoli)

Answer 5

Migration of spermatogonium amongst Sertoli cells toward central lumen

Question 6

What does passing the Sertoli cell barrier do? What are the names as the spermatogonia go through meiosis?

Answer 6

Forms primary spermatocytes.

Primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid, spermatozoa

Question 7

Draw the anatomy of a spermatozoa. How does flagellar movement of the tail occur? (Details!)

Answer 7

Longitudinal sliding of the 9+2 arrangement causes flagellar movement

Question 8

Describe the acrosome. What is it derived from? What does it contain?

Answer 8

Golgi apparatus.

Contains hyaluronidase and proteolytic enzymes

Question 9

What organelles are in the spermatozoa body? What role do they serve?

Answer 9

Loaded with mitochondria, provide ATP for flagellar movement.

Question 10

What is the average velocity of a mature sperm?

Answer 10

1-4 mm/day

Question 11

What five hormones stimulate spermatogenesis?

Answer 11

Testosterone

LH

FSH

Estrogen

GH

Question 12

What hormone do Leydig cells secrete for spermatogenesis? How does it function?

Answer 12

Testosterone.

Growth and division of germinal cells.

Question 13

What hormones does the anterior pituitary secrete for spermatogenesis? How does it function?

Answer 13

LH: stimulate Leydig cells to secrete testosterone.

FSH: stimulates Sertoli cells to aid in spermatogenesis

GH: promotes early division of spermatogonia

Question 14

What hormone do Sertoli cells secrete for spermatogenesis? How does it function?

Answer 14

Estrogen: possibly involved in spermiogenesis.

Question 15

How many sperm are produced per day by the testes?

Answer 15

120 million

Question 16

Where is sperm mostly stored? Where else is it stored?

Answer 16

Mostly vas deferens, some in seminiferous tubules

Question 17

What makes a sperm a “mature” sperm? When does this happen?

Answer 17

Maturity is marked by motility and capable of fertilization. This happens after ejaculation.

Question 18

What cells secrete the nutritive fluid in the ejaculate? What does the fluid contain?

Answer 18

Sertoli cells and epididymis epithelial cells.

Fluid contains testosterone, estrogen, enzymes, and special nutrients.

Question 19

What pH range enhances sperm activity? What causes death?

Answer 19

pH >= 7 enhances

pH

Question 20

What is the life expectancy of sperm in the female genital tract?

Answer 20

1-2 days

Question 21

What is contained in the fluid secreted by seminiferous tubule epithelia?

Answer 21

Citric acid, fructose, prostaglandins, and fibrinogen