Gustatory and Olfactory System Histology

Question 1

filiform papillae

Answer 1

medial tongue
NO TASTE buds
job is to grab onto food

Question 2

fungiform papillae

Answer 2

lateral tongue
5 TASTE buds
register the taste of food

Question 3

circumvallate papillae

Answer 3

posterior tongue
TASTE buds
taste sensation

Question 4

foliate papillae

Answer 4

lateral wall of tongue
TASTE buds
taste sensation

Question 5

serous glands (Ebner’s glands)

Answer 5

found any place there are taste buds
secrete lingual lipase and VEGP
lingual lipase - breaks down food
VEGP - carries food to taste R

Question 6

three cell components

Answer 6

taste R
supporting cells - become mature taste R cells
precursor cells - give rise to supporting cells

Question 7

ovid chemoreceptors

Answer 7

found in papillae and on the soft palate posterior pharynx and epiglottis
inn by VAGUS n
allow to tell if the food is good or bad

Question 8

taste R

Answer 8

tastant binds to R
G complex activated
ion channels opens leading to depolarization
Ca influx will lead to the release of NT

Question 9

sweet

Answer 9

tip of tongue

Question 10

salty

Answer 10

posterior and lateral tip of the tongue

senses Na ion

Question 11

sour

Answer 11

anterior 2/3 of dorsum and along the lateral wall

senses H ion

Question 12

bitter

Answer 12

posterior tongue

Question 13

umami

Answer 13

unknown R distribution
activated by L-glutamate
signals the presence of proteins
added to processed food, stimulates appetite

Question 14

facial n

Answer 14

all 5 taste sensations

Question 15

glossopharyngeal n

Answer 15

sweet and bitter sensations

Question 16

anterior 2/3 of tongue

Answer 16

sensory - lingual n (branch of CN V)

SVA - facial n

Question 17

posterior 1/3 of tongue

Answer 17

sensory - glossopharyngeal n

SVA - glossopharyngeal and vagus n

Question 18

nasal cavity

Answer 18

respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified columnar epithelium w/ goblet cells)
lamina propria
mast and plasma cells
extensive vascular plexus

Question 19

functions of nasal cavity

Answer 19

air hydration 
moisten the surface 
add water vapor 
air filtration 
adheres particles allowing the cillia to move them to the GI tract 
temperature regulation

Question 20

olfactory cells

Answer 20

bipolar sensory neurons that run from epithelium to forming the olfactory n

Question 21

supporting cells (sustentacular cells)

Answer 21

physical support to olfactory cell

Question 22

basal cells

Answer 22

mitotically active stem cels

Question 23

kallman syndrome

Answer 23

anosmia - lack of neurons in brain that get input from olfactory neurons
lack of GnRH because these cells start in the olfactory epithelium and migrate to the brain
defective KAL - 1