Guns Germs and Steel

Question 0

Hunter Gatherers in Middle East

Answer 0

• gathered wheat and barley
• moved around following food
• difficult to support a population
• had more nutritious crops than places like New Guinea

Question 1

Large successful societies had __ ___ and ___

Ex: Greece Rome Mayans

Answer 1

Advanced technology
Large population
Well organized work force

Question 2

After ice age came farms and villages

Answer 2

11,500 years ago
40-50 people in huts
First granary
Grew own wheat and barley
Practiced domestication (accidental)

Question 3

Domestication

Answer 3

The way crops are changed trough human interference

Choosing certain beneficial traits

Question 4

Farmers

Answer 4

China grew rice
Americas had corn squash and beans
Africa millet and yams
Advanced civilization followed farming
One exception: the highlands of New Guinea

Question 5

Highlands of New Guinea

Answer 5

Farming 10,000 years 
Farming = no benefit
Crops difficult to plant, no storage
No protein 
No Geographic luck, or good crops

Question 6

Animal Domestication

Answer 6

Dependable meat supply
Also milk, and hair and skin for clothes with warmth
Ate crop remainder and added fertilizer
Goats and sheep were first, followed by others. Then invention of plow made animals more useful

Question 7

New Guinea animals

Answer 7

Pigs:

Only provided meat, no milk leather or muscle. And pigs were not even native

Question 8

Best domesticating animals

Answer 8

Give birth early and productively
Social with hierarchy
Get along w humans
Only 14 ever

Question 9

Middle East was Fertile Crescent because?

Answer 9

Best crops and animals

Question 10

Guar in S Jordan. Houses with ____ and ___. Why important

Answer 10

Decoration and plaster
Enough food produced, not everyone had to farm, specialists invented. Plaster involved working w fire which led to steel.

Question 11

New Guinea agriculture but no specialists, why?

Answer 11

Agriculture not productive enough to feed non farmers=no specialists=no metalworkers= no tools. Spent too much time feeding themselves. Were colonized by westerners

Question 12

Middle East lost head start because?

Answer 12

Climate too dry and fragile to support continuous intensive farming, environment over exploited. Water used, trees cut. Villages abandoned within 1000 yrs

Question 13

Same latitude means same ___ ____ and _____.

Answer 13

Climate vegetation length of day

Question 14

Domesticated animals and plants spread to:

Answer 14

Egypt, fed pyramid builders.
Europe, artists, inventors and soldiers
New world in 16th cenury
Led to industrialized America