GUM Flashcards
If someone needs a HIV result immediately what testing can be done?
Point of care testing with saliva or finger prick
If a high risk HIV 4th gen test is negative at 4 weeks what should happen next?
Repeat at 3 months
When does HIV seroconversion occur? How does it present? Frequency?
2-4 weeks post exposure
Fever Maculopapular rash Myalgia Pharyngitis Headache
80%
What is the timeframe for PEP administration post HIV exposure?
72 hrs max but preferably sooner
How long should PEP be continued for post HIV exposure? What classes of drugs are included currently?
28 days
2 x nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
1 x integrase inhibitor
Roughly what risk of transmission should prompt PEP in HIV exposure?
> 1:1000
Why are NNRTIs not used in PEP?
10% develop hepatoxicity
Risks of CNS side effects
Risk of stevens jonhson syndrome
Under what CD4 count should live vaccines not be used in HIV.
What signs may persist in HIV post primary infection indicating a worse prognsis?
Persistent Generalised Lymphadenopathy.
Fever
Non infectious complications of HIV
Anorexia and weight loss / malnutrition Karposi's sarcoma Lymphoma Psychological HIV Associated Neurological Disorder
Common GI/GU infections in HIV
Candidasis
Hepititis
Diarrheoal illness (salmonella, shigella, campylobacter, c-diff)
HSV
Common neurological infections in HIV
CMV retinitis
Toxoplasma gondii
Cryptococcal meningitis
Common pulmonary infections in HIV
Pneumocystis jirovicci
TB
Pneumococcus
Routine monitoring of HIV?
CD4 + viral load, FBC every 3 to 6 months
Serum U+E, LFTs, lipids every 6-12 months
Initial tests in a HIV patient
Disease - FBC, CD4, viral load, viral resistance profile
Infections - CMV, toxoplasmosis, HepB/C, fundoscopy, CXR
Treatment - U+E, LFT, lipids, glucose
Cancer - cervical smear
