Guiding Principles. Flashcards
Define Ethos/Ethic
The distinguishing character, sentiment, moral nature, or guiding beliefs of a person, group, or institution.
What are Ethical Delimmas
Characterized by the LACK OF OBVIOUS, agreed-upon, right course of action – we have difficulty choosing which value should have priority.
What constitutes Personal Ethics?
Shaped by religious beliefs, cultural heritage, family values, moral teaching, education, and life experiences.
What constitutes Societal Ethics?
Compilation of personal values of many individuals within a society and are reflected in their laws and other social practices.
What constitutes Professional Ethics?
Evolve from both personal and societal ethics, but are learned and developed through professional education and practice (Often codified to become a code of ethics).
What are the 4 ethical theories?
Teleological theory
Deontological theory
Casuistry theory
Virtue theory
Define Teleological theory…
It is composed of 2 other similar philosophies
Telos-end
Utilitarianism–the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
Consequentialism– the doctrine that the morality of an action is to be judged solely by its consequences.
or…The ends justifies the means
Define Deontological
dealing with duty, moral obligation, and right action.
Define Casuistry
Case based strategy
Pragmatic–considers rules or precedents to decide what’s right or wrong in a case.
Define Virtue
aka Character ethics.
Pertaining to the total value and moral system of an individual.
Can be a challenge to establish precise connection between conduct & virtues
Define the 4 Major Principles of Health Care Ethics***
Autonomy–the right of an individual to be self determining & make independent decisions about one’s life. (Informed consent, and information releases.i.e. do not resuscitate.)
Beneficence–Refers to actions that benefit others and do good.
Non-Maleficence–DO NO HARM.
Justice–Obligation to fairness.
Define the 3 types of justice
Rights-based Justice–To respect the legal and ethical rights of the individual. (right to treat v right not to treat).
Legal justice–To honor morally acceptable laws; following all legal practice guidelines.
Distributive justice–Equitable distribution of resources (we’re still working on this one)
APTA Code of Ethics
Name the 5 roles of the Physical Therapist
- Management of patients/clients (scheduling, treatment schedule)
- Consultation (collaborate with another professional or company)
- Education (teaching patients and staff)
- Research (evidence based research)
- Administration
APTA Code of Ethics
Name the 7 Core Values of the PT
- Accountability
- Altruism (Put others first)
- Compassion/Caring
- Excellence (strive to continue learning)
- Integrity
- Professional duty
- Social responsibility
get ethical principles from APTA website
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Name the 3 conceptual models of health care.
Biomedical
Bio-psychosocial
Integrative Medicine.
Biomedical model
Primary basis of conventional western medicine.
Health is defined by physical norms. (symptoms)
Patient receives pharaceuticals and surgery.
Scientific method (evidence based) practice.
Bio-psychosocial model
Incorporates client’s experience of illness
Broader definition of causation than biomedical (can include psychosocial factors..high blood pressure is from stress)
Clients are to be active participants in care.
Considers data from social sciences.
Integrative Medicine model
Focuses on the ‘team based’ approach, integrates information and expertise from various disciplines.
Strives to align healthcare across the lifespan.
Facilitates seamless integration of care across caregivers and institutions. (best if team works as a unit).
