Guide 1

Question 0

What is a hierarchy?

Answer 0

A social hierarchy, or system of ranks, emerged.

Question 1

What is a ziggurat?

Answer 1

Using clay bricks,Sumerians built ziggurats, or soaring pyramid-temples.

Question 2

What is a cuneiform?

Answer 2

Sumerians had invented the earliest form of writing, called cuneiform.

Question 3

What is a empire?

Answer 3

An empire is a group of states,territories, and peoples ruled by one person.

Question 4

What is nomads?

Answer 4

Paleolithic people were nomads, moving from place to place to follow game animals and search for edible plants.

Question 5

What is castes?

Answer 5

Castes are social groups into which people are born and which they cannot leave.

Question 6

What is diaspora?

Answer 6

Diaspora, or scattering of people, sent Jews to different parts of the world.

Question 7

What is bureaucracy?

Answer 7

A bureaucracy is a system of managing government through specialized departments run by appointed officials.

Question 8

What is polytheistic?

Answer 8

Aryan’s were polytheistic. That is they believed in many gods.

Question 9

What is pictographs?

Answer 9

Early writings was made up of pictographs, or simple drawings that represented ideas.

Question 10

Who made important decisions in early farming communities?

Answer 10

Heads of families formed a council of elders to make important decisions. Often, a village chief emerged.

Question 11

Historians call the earliest period of human history?

Answer 11

Historian call the earliest period of human history the old Stone Age, or the Paleolithic period.

Question 12

Early villages could support a growing population mainly because of?

Answer 12

The advances made by early farming communities led people to a new stage of development-the emergence of civilizations.

Question 13

The top social class in ancient societies was usually made up of?

Answer 13

Priests and nobles were usually at the top.

Question 14

What was the result of the trade and warfare that brought ancient Egypt into contact with other civilizations?

Answer 14

New ideas,customs, and technologies spread from one people to another in a process called cultural diffusion.

Question 15

A major accomplishment during Egypt’s old kingdom was?

Answer 15

They built majestic pyramids to serve as tombs.

Question 16

What was unique about the beliefs of the early Hebrews when compared to most other ancient peoples?

Answer 16

They had developed Judaism, which is a monotheistic religion(based on the belief in one true god). Today Judaism is considered one of the worlds major religions for it’s unique contribution to religious thoughts.

Question 17

Most of what we know about the ancient Aryan’s comes from a collection of prayers,hymns, and other religious teachings called?

Answer 17

The Aryan’s comes from the Vedas,a collection of prayers,hymns and other religious teachings.

Question 18

Where did the first farming communities develop in early china?

Answer 18

Chinese history began In the huang he valley, where Neolithic people learned to farm.

Question 19

What was an accomplishment of the Chinese during the Zhou period?

Answer 19

They had studied the movement of the planets,recorded eclipses, and created an accurate calendar. They developed the technology of bronze making and silk making.

Question 20

What is filial piety?

Answer 20

He put filial piety,or respect for parents, above all other clothes.

Question 21

What is Augustus?

Answer 21

As Rome’s first emperor, Augustus helped the emperor recover from the long period of unrest.

Question 22

What is Pax Romana?

Answer 22

The 200-year span that began with Augustus and ended with emperor Marcus Aurelius is known as the Pax Romana, or “roman peace.”

Question 23

What is homer?

Answer 23

The Poet homer described the conflict in his two epic poems, the Iliad and the odyssey.

Question 24

What is reincarnation?

Answer 24

Reincarnation is the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form.

Question 25

What is acropolis?

Answer 25

On a hilltop stood the acropolis, or high city.

Question 26

What is Confucius?

Answer 26

Philosophers like Confucius,as well as Buddhist missionaries, laid the groundwork for many basic Chinese beliefs.

Question 27

What is Pericles?

Answer 27

Under the leadership of Pericles, a Greek statesman who ruled from 460 b.c. To 429 b.c., democracy and culture flourished.

Question 28

What is tribute?

Answer 28

Tribute, or payment from conquered peoples, helped the Aztecs turn their capital into magnificent city.

Question 29

What is polis?

Answer 29

As their world expanded after 750 b.c., the Greeks evolved a unique version of the city-state, called the polis.

Question 30

Hindus believe that everything is a part of the unchanging, all powerful spiritual force called?

Answer 30

Hindus believes that everything is part of the unchanging, all-powered spiritual force called Brahman.

Question 31

According to Siddhartha Gautama, what was the cause of suffering?

Answer 31

The Buddha taught that desire causes suffering.

Question 32

The philosophy of Daoism is concerned with?

Answer 32

A third philosophy,Daoism, arose around the same time Daoists sought to live in harmony with nature, rather than to bring order to human affairs. They viewed government as unnatural and therefore the cause of many problems.

Question 33

Which Greek-speaking people dominated the Aegean world from about 1400 b.c. To 1200 b.c. And probably started the Trojan war?

Answer 33

The Mycenaeans,another civilization of sea traders,soon dominated the Greek mainland and Crete. They flourished between about 1400 b.c. And 1200 b.c. They are best remembered for the Trojan war.

Question 34

What was an early form of government in the Greek city-states where power was in the hands of a class of noble landowners?

Answer 34

Slowly, power shifted to a class of landowners. The result was an aristocracy, or rule by a landholding elite.

Question 35

Some spartan women had the responsibility of running the family’s estate because?

Answer 35

Because men were occupied with war, some women gained responsibilities such as running their family’s estate.

Question 36

In the early roman republic, members of the powerful landholding upper class were called?

Answer 36

At first, the most powerful people in the government were patricians, or members of the landholding upper class.

Question 37

The teaching of Jesus?

Answer 37

Jesus was born around 4 b.c. In Bethlehem. Some believed he was the messiah,or savior sent by god to lead the Jews to freedom. The teachings of Jesus were firmly rooted in the Jewish religion. He believed in one god and accepted the Ten Commandments a collection of laws that’s Jews believe god have them.

Question 38

How did the ancestral Puebloans of southwest North America use their large underground chamber called a kiva?

Answer 38

A kiva is a large underground chamber used for religious rituals.

Question 39

To unite their vast empire, the inca?

Answer 39

The inca worked to unite their conquered peoples. They imposed their own language,Quechua, and religion on the people.