Guest lectures Flashcards
Christchurch waterways
– Drainage
– Ecology
– Landscape
– Recreation
– Culture
– Heritage
Why plant natives
- Biodiversity conservation
- Production Forestry
- For non-timber forest products (e.g. honey)
- As a cultural resource (timber for carving?)
- Soil conservation/erosion control
- Amenity & aesthetic value
- Riparian buffers/water quality
- Moral reasons/a desire to establish natives
- Stimulate community interest in NZ’s natural heritage
- Biodiversity Offsets
- Carbon
Metapopulation Dynamics
- A population of semi-isolated sub-populations.
- Recognizes that sooner or later a population WILL become
extinct - Deals with the concepts of dispersal colonisation and extinction
- Individuals infrequently move from one population to another
across area of ‘non-habitat’ (matrix).
Restoration
to fully re-establish the target level of ecosystem
function and biodiversity as defined by the reference habitat,
including species composition and vegetation community
structure (English and Blythe 1999)
3 main factors of ecological restortion.
1st?
Intensive management of highly
degraded sites through the deliberate
introduction of new individuals of
indigenous plant & animal species
3 main factors of ecological restortion.
2nd
Minimum interference management
through natural regeneration and pest
control
3 main factors of ecological restortion.
3rd
Intensive management of relatively
natural sites that are being degraded
by introduced pests (Mainland Islands)
plant supply and propagation for restoration
- Plants raised from seed preferable to plants
produced from cuttings - Seed (or cuttings) collected from wild/natural
plant populations - Plants of local genetic origin/local ecological
region (or as nearby as possible)
Plants raised from seed preferable to plants
produced from cuttings why?
Genetic diversity
Seed (or cuttings) collected from wild/natural
plant populations
Known genetic origin
Plants of local genetic origin/local ecological
region (or as nearby as possible)
(protects
gene pool & matches plant site specific
adaptations)
Street Upgrade Process
for Christchurch
1: Identification & prioritisation of city
streets requiring renewal.
2: Allocation of funding through ‘Long
Term Council Community Plan’
(LTCCP) process.
3: Issues gathering consultation.
Issues in consultation within street trees
➢ Public
➢ Traffic engineering
➢ Road engineering
➢ Drainage
➢ Landscape
➢ Urban renewal
➢ Iwi
Objectives for street trees
- Replace kerb & dish channel
- Improve pedestrian, cycle & vehicle
safety - Reduce vehicle speeds
- Reduce crashes
- Provide appropriate pedestrian
footpaths - Maintain on-street parking where
possible - Upgrade inadequate areas of street
lighting`
Forestry joint venture
- Basically, it enables those with money and no land to
get together with those with land but no money (and
often the knowledge) to plant trees. - The end result is a contractual agreement between
landowner and investor(s) to undertake a forestry
activity (usually commercial) on a specified land area.
Key Features of Joint Ventures (JV’s)
- Simple pathway for urban monies to be invested in
forestry on rural land - Flexibility - agreement is written as per parties needs
- Legal security - Forestry Rights Act provides for
registering JV’s on a land title - Simplicity - the JV agreement should be easy to read,
and not complicated - Low cost - no survey costs, and low cost of
documentation and registration - Focus - allows forestry investments to focus solely on
suitable land
Joint ventures advantages for land owners
- Brings in investor finance for forestry development.
- Land owner has significant share - an important
investment opportunity (even with no money). - Minimal direct financial risk.
- Brings professional forestry expertise.
- Land ownership retained.
Joint ventures: advantaged for investors
- Avoids capital cost of land purchase (non tax deductible).
- Only suitable and plantable land involved (no non-performing
asset). - Provides for low overhead management structure for forest.
- On-site custodial care provided by landowner, eg pests,
fencing, stock trespass, etc.
Disadvantaged of joint ventures
- Non-performance of any party can cause problems.
- Addressing non-performance issues can be difficult.
- People’s situations change…
- Change of land ownership may create problems (always
keep a % with current owner). - Many investors want land ownership, for security purposes,
more saleable etc. - Can be viewed negatively by farm purchasers
