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Tox 300 midterm 1 > Guest Lecture > Flashcards

Guest Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

what are 7 sub-clinical effects:

A
  1. ) behaviour
  2. ) intelligence
  3. ) carcinogenesis- exposed to chemical today but don’t get sick right away but develop cancer 20 years from now.
  4. ) Mutagenesis
  5. ) teratogenesis
  6. ) immune alteration- subtle changes in your immune system
  7. ) Biochemical change- exposed to chemical ex.) DDT enzyme reducers and changes the way hormones are metabolized
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2
Q

what are 14 different areas of study:

A
  1. Industrial chemicals (PCB, TCDD)
  2. ) Pesticides- some are immune altering chemicals
  3. ) Metals- where immunotoxicology got started
  4. ) Antibiotics- turns out a lot of them are immune suppressants
  5. ) Neoplasia- the formation of presence of a new abnornal growth of tissue
  6. ) Ethanol, smoking- lots of little chemicals in these that effect us
  7. ) Food additives: some are hypersensitive reactions with immune problems
  8. ) Biological contaminents: Major focus of his research. Major historical accounts of this in middle ages. rye bread and witch burns
  9. ) Nutritional deficiency- if your iron deficient or zin you have problems
  10. ) GIT immunity- gut health
    11) pregnancy immunosuppression: your immune system is altered to allow this fetus to grow but some people cannot alter and they have miscarriages.
  11. ) radiation: rapidly dividing cells
  12. ) solvent abuse: sniff glue o gas, get high out if it but major immune suppression
  13. ) Neuroimmunology- immune system is integrated with your brain and endocrine system.
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3
Q

Postulated mechanisms:

A
  1. ) reduced protein synthesis
  2. ) reduced active transport
  3. ) reduced antigen processing
  4. ) functional impairment of a cell
  5. ) Loss of a cell population
  6. ) Induction of a cell population
  7. ) Chemical interaction
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4
Q

how can more cells suppress immune?

A

suppressor cells! They unduce supressor T-cells and your immune system turns down. Sometimes this is good after you get better you don’t need your immune system running to high

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5
Q

chemical interaction: Peroxidation:

A

membrane is what interacts with cells so if you disrupt membrane you disrupt cell function

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6
Q

Vhemical interaction: free radical

A

destroy cells

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7
Q

chemical interactions:

A
  1. peroxidation
  2. free radical
  3. oxidation state
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8
Q

what are 13 health hazards?

A
  1. increased disease
  2. decreased resistance
  3. neoplasia
  4. allergy
  5. hypersensitivity
  6. autoimmune disease
  7. vaccination
  8. immune complex nephritis
  9. Mineral deficiency
  10. Malnutrition
  11. Response to antibiotics
  12. Prolonged recovery
  13. icnreased carrier status
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9
Q

immunosuppressive agents or states:

A
  1. Nutritional deficiency
  2. environmental cotaminents
  3. Pesticides
  4. Diethylstibestrol
  5. Gases
  6. anti-biotics
  7. alcohol
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10
Q

what are different kinds of nutritional deficiency?

A
  1. Malnutrition
  2. vitamins
  3. mineral
  4. toxic metals
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11
Q

what happens if you are lamnutritioned?

A

you will be immune supressed so a tough situation in third world countries!

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12
Q

vitamins?

A

immuno-stimulating! Vitamin a at high doses can be used for breast cancer treatments! Vitamin E also used for cancer and Vitamin c is an anti-oxidant

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13
Q

Toxic metals: arsencic:

A

cancer causing, affects sulphide groups big time! Immune suppression

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14
Q

Toxic metals: nickel:

A

slight immune supppresion. Issue with nickel and hypersensitivity like earrings.

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15
Q

Toxic metal: silica:

A

not a metal. Silica kills macrophages

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16
Q

Toxic metals: lead-

A

effects about every immune thing possible but especially macrophaes, it effects lipid peroxidation and oxidation damage.

17
Q

Toxic metals: cadmium

A

effects T cells big time! If you get a little in your body the half life is 30 years

18
Q

Mercury-

A

methyl mercury in tuna fish

19
Q

examples of environmental contaminents:

A

TCDD- induces supressor T-cells so it supresses immune system
PCB and PBB

20
Q

examples of different kinds of pesticides:

A
  1. hexachlorobenzene- immuno supressants
  2. Dieldrin- insecticide- banned but supressant and immuno supressant
  3. DDT- causing cancer because it is an immuno suorssant
  4. Organophosphates slightly immuno supressants
  5. Levamisole- stimulant, stimulates T cells
  6. Herbicides immuno supressants
21
Q

Diethylstibestrol-

A

used in pregnancy, bad idea, immunosuppresants which effects macrophages and lots of things. Has been banned

22
Q

Gases example

A

ozone and NO2 under right circumstances can be suppressants.

23
Q

anti-biotices:

A

some are immune suppressants

24
Q

alcohol:

A

suppression!

25
Q

Fe

A

Fe, to little or to much and it causes immune alterations

26
Q

Cu

A

Cu- copper toxicity is not a problem here but effects T cells and regulatory cells. would have cartilege problems and anemic

27
Q

Se

A

Se- stimulates immune system

28
Q

Zn

A

Zn- involved in protein, RNA, DNA synthesis and repair things.

Tox 300 midterm 1 (5 decks)

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