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surgical interventions 1 > GU SURGERY > Flashcards

GU SURGERY Flashcards

1
Q

position of the kidneys

A

retroperitoneal

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2
Q

result of hernal cyst and phymosis

A

infection between the foreskin and glans

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3
Q

what does a Ellick evacuator help with?

A

removal prostatic tissue

specimen removal

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4
Q

process of the IVP

A

contrast media injected into the veins and is filtered thru kidneys & excreted w/n 1 hour

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5
Q

hydrocelectomy

A

removal of a hydrocele

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6
Q

KUB

A

Simple flat plate of the abdomen to view kidneys, ureter, and bladder.

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7
Q

what does toomey syringe help with?

A

blood clot removal

specimen retrieval

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8
Q

where is a hydrocele located?

A

inb/n the peritoneum and the scrotum

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9
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

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10
Q

what catheter is used for a TURP

A

3 WAY FOLEY

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11
Q

what can a KUB help detect?

A

calculi

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12
Q

cystoscope component: telescope

A

offer different degrees to provide different angles of view

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13
Q

T/F beginning stages of wilm’s tumor are symptomatic

A

FALSE

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14
Q

cystoscope components

A
  • telescope
  • sheath
  • obturator
  • bridge
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15
Q

what is a retrograde pyelogram?

A

radiographic visualization of the urinary tract through ureteral catheterization and contrast media

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16
Q

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

A

removal of a stone normally smaller than 2 cm through shok waves delivered to stone through fluoroscopy from OUTSIDE OF THE BODY

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17
Q

T/F is cryptorchidism associated with inguinal hernias?

A

TRUE

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18
Q

another name for vesicourethral suspension

A

marshall marchetti

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19
Q

what does KUB stand for?

A

kidneys-ureters-bladder

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20
Q

where is the donated placed in the recipient?

A

in the iliac fossa

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21
Q

is IVU another name for IVP?

A

yes

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22
Q

retropubic prostatectomy

A

similiar approach to suprapubic bu the incision does NOT go through the bladder

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23
Q

main differences between suprapubis and retropubic approach

A

SUPRAPUBIC
-control of bleeding is difficult because the prostate is located beneath he symphysis pubis
-transvesical approach
RETROPUBIC
-easier control of bleeding
-not cutting into the bladder
-better visualization of the prostate and and prostatic urethra

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24
Q

what structures will you see in an IVP?

A

Kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder

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25
Q

cystoscope component: obturator

A
  • metal rod with smooth rounded tip
  • inserted into sheath
  • prevents the end of sheath from abrading the mucosal lining of the urethra
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26
Q

risks to perineal approach

A

serious risk of injury to the rectum

high incidence of impotence

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27
Q

why is glycine and sorbitol used for TURP?

A

nonhemolytic and nonelectrolytic

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28
Q

suprapubic prostatectomy

A

removal of prostate through and abdominal incision and through the bladder

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29
Q

what does phimosis do?

A

prevents retraction of forskin of the glans

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30
Q

T/F 0.9% normal saline is used for irrigation or a TURP

A

FALLSSSEEEE

NEVER use NS for TURP it contains electrolytes that act as conductors and could dissipate electricity causing combustion

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31
Q

cystoscope component: sheath

A
  • hollow tube that provides a passageway for surgical instruments
  • ports for inflow and outflow of irrigation
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32
Q

how do you fix hypospadius

A

creation of a new meatus placed as close as possible to the tip of the glans

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33
Q

who gets phimosis?

A

uncircumcised males

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34
Q

what’s an ileal conduit?

A

diverting urine flow to an isolated loop of bowel

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35
Q

T/F a kidney can function in ANY position unless it’s in a floating position

A

TRUE

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36
Q

benefits of laparoscopic/robotic prostatectomy

A

-able to take lymph nodes also
-shorter hospital stay
-decreased blood loss
-decreased urinary intoninence
increased sexual function
-minimally invasive
-nerve sparing
-better chance for erectile function

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37
Q

what are the fxn.s of each port

A

1st port - balloon inflation to provide tamponade
2nd port - urinary drainage
3rd port - continuous irrigation

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38
Q

uremia?

A

wastes products in the blood

  • urea
  • nitrogenous waste products
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39
Q

what fluid is used for continous irrigation for a TURB?

A

sterile water

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40
Q

what is a flank approach

A

a crv.ed incisioned across the flank (lower right of the ribs)

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41
Q

how is TURP performed?

A

through a resectoscope

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42
Q

T/F TURP is the most common performed prostatectomy

A

TRUE

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43
Q

what’s the difference between an IVP and a retrograde pyelogram

A

it goes backwards!

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44
Q

T/F surgeons work on the donor and the recipient SIMULTANEOUSLY

A

TRUE

they also try to have the operating rooms connected as much as possible to prevent contamination to the donated kidney

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45
Q

name a urinary diversion procedure

A

ileal conduit

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46
Q

indication for suprapubic prostatectomy

A

prostate is too big to be removed by TURP

malignant

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47
Q

what fluid is used for continuous irrigation in a TURP?

A

1.5% glycine or 3% sorbitol

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48
Q

perineal prostatectomy

A

removal of the ENTIRE prostate gland through a curved incision aboved the anal margin

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49
Q

indication for a cystoscopy

A 
hematuria
urinary retention
UTI
fistulas
tumors 
stones
incontinence
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50
Q

what’s the prolem with floating kidney?

A

the ureter can become twisted/kinked & urine can backflow into the ureter pelvis

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51
Q

cystoscope component: bridge

A
  • accommodates added length of telescope

- may have additional ports fro catheters

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52
Q

how do you treat kidney failure

A

hemodialysis

peritoneal dialysis

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53
Q

What does IVP stand for?

A

intravenous pyelogram

54
Q

what incision is made for an orchiectomy?

A

scrotal incision

55
Q

what does a KUB DO?

A

demonstrates the size, shape, and locations of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

56
Q

T/F an Ellick evacuator is TURB specific

A

FALSE

it’s TURP specific

57
Q

T/F they do an orchiectomy when they determined the growth of adenocarcinoma on the prostate has been found hormonally dependent ( DON’T NEED TO KNOW FOR EXAM )

A

TRUE

58
Q

pathway of retrograde pyelogram

A

it starts at the bladder, works it way up to the kidneys, and then to the ureters via catheterization

59
Q

what could hematuria indicate?

A

bladder tumor

60
Q

what does a patient, receiving a retrograde pyelogram, have to get at minimum?

A

a cystosocpy

61
Q

process an ileal conduit

A

cystectomy with the implantation of ureters into a segment of ileum

62
Q

The area of the kidney where the renal artery, vein and ureter enter is called the ?

A

hilus

63
Q

BPH?

A

benign prostatic hypertrophy

64
Q

nephropexy

A

the surgical ixation of a floating kidney

65
Q

floating kdiney

A

a kidney that is moved out of its normal anatomical position

66
Q

orchiopexy

A

attach the undescended testicle to the scrotal wall

67
Q

mrs. ruhnke explanation of vesicourethral suspension

A

suspension of the bladder neck and urethra to the cartilage of the pubis symphysis to treat urinary stress incontinence in females

68
Q

circumcision

A

excision of the forskin prepuce) of the glans penis

69
Q

another name for end-stage renal disease

A

kidney failure

70
Q

what happens if you leave kidney failure untreated?

A

Death; an accumulation fo waste products and fluids can occur and backflow into the body

71
Q

cystoscopy

A

an endoscopic visualization of the lower urinary tract

72
Q

a prostatectomy is used to treat ____ and ____

A

BPH and cancer

73
Q

example of wilm’s tumor

A

nephroblastoma

74
Q

what’s the intent of a marshall marchetti?

A

to bring the bladder and urethra into the pelvis by suturing paraurethral vaginal tissue to the back of the symphysis pubis

75
Q

ESRD

A

endstage renal failure

76
Q

Filling the bladder with radiopaque contrast material via a catheter is called a ?

A

cystogram

77
Q

what does IVU stand for?

A

intravenous urogram

78
Q

males older than 50 y/o

A

malignant

79
Q

what approach is used in a nephrectomy

A

flank approach

80
Q

what does hypospadius interfere with?

A

normal urination

male cannot void straight

81
Q

what might have in conjuction with the cystectomy during a ileal conduit?

A

PT might have a ileostomy with the cystectomy; PT gets cath.ed so they can do it themselves

82
Q

what’s a phimosis?

A

tightness of the foreskin

83
Q

SX.s of kidney failure

A 
little or no U/O
high BUN/creatine
HTN
fatigue/malaise
headache
84
Q

what 2 supplies could be used to suction out the specimen in a TURP

A

toomey syringe

Ellick evacuator

85
Q

WHAT ARE CALCULI?

A

STONES

86
Q

T/F the diseased kidney is taken out and replaced with the donated kidney

A

FALSE

it is left in it’s place unless it’s cancerous

87
Q

deflecting mechanism

A
  • moveable deflector extends to the end of the sheath

- aids in placing accessories such as ureteral

88
Q

what does BPH do?

A

cause obstruction of urine flow

89
Q

young adults with hematuria are

A

benign

90
Q

what’s tamponade when using the 3 way foley?

A

creates pressure under the prostatic bed

91
Q

what’s is a KUB?

A

a x-ray of the lower abdomen

92
Q

T/F Suprapubic prostatectomy is the least common performed surgery out of the 4 types of prostatectomies?

A

FALSE

suprapubic prostatectomy is the MOST COMMON approach

93
Q

cystometrogram

A

A graphic representation of bladder response to pressure and its capacity for fluid.

94
Q

Name 4 types of prostatectomy:

A 
suprapubic prostatectomy
retropubic prostatectomy
perineal prostatectomy
TURP
laparoscopic robotic assisted prostatectomy
95
Q

what is the point of an IVP?

A

to outline the urologic system

96
Q

how should send calculi as a specimen?

A

always sent to the lab DRY W/O FORMALIN

97
Q

X-ray study using intravenous radiopaque contrast media to viualize kidneys, ureters, and bladder

A

IVP

98
Q

T/F you enter the peritoneal cavity when performing a nephrectomy

A

FALSE

99
Q

These carry urine from the kidney to the bladder.

A

ureters

100
Q

orchiectomy

A

the removal of one or both testicles

101
Q

kidney’s functional rate during ESRD

A

LESS THAN 10% OF NORMAL CAPACITY

102
Q

pathway of an IVP?

A

contrast media is injected into the veins which then goes to the bloodstream->kidneys->ureters->bladder

103
Q

penile implant

A

the prosthesis is implanted for treated of organic sexual impotence (erectile dysfxn)

104
Q

what medication is injected for an IVP?

A

contrast media

105
Q

4 basic types of kidney stones

A

calcium based
magniesum ammonium phosphate
uric acid
crystine

106
Q

what is the PACU watching for during fluid output from the 3 way foley?

A
  • how bloody it is
  • any clots?
  • appearance
  • how much fluid went in & how much came out
107
Q

what DX.s does an orchiectomy treat?

A

testicular or prostatic cancer

108
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

109
Q

trigone

A

Area of the bladder where the openings of the ureters and urethra meet.

110
Q

What’s a hydrocele?

A

an enlarged fluid filled sac around the testicle

111
Q

T/F any prep solution is okay to use is GU surgery

A

FALSE

make sure that the antimicrobial skin prep solution does not contain any alcohol unless in the abdominal region

112
Q

kidney transplant

A

the removal of a kdiney from a living or deceased donor and implanitng it into the recipient

113
Q

prostatectomy

A

the removal of all or part of the prostate gland

114
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undescended testicles; failure of one or both testicles to descend into he scrotum

115
Q

another way to describe a retrograde pyelogram

A

ureteral catheterization during cystoscopy and inject of contrast media

116
Q

A 3 way foley provides continuous irrigation.
Action is continued until PT goes to PACU.
What’s the plan of action after that?

A

What goes in, must come out.

When the PT arrives to PACU, a large foley is attached tot he catheter and the PACU monitors the fluid output

117
Q

define torsion

A

a twisting action

118
Q

NEPHRECTOMY

A

surgical removal of the kidney

119
Q

not getting a circumcision can result in ___ or ___

A

hernal cyst or phymosis

120
Q

resectoscope

A

has insulation to allow for cautery

121
Q

During a renal transplant, the donor kidney is placed in the ?

A

iliac fossa

122
Q

The outermost area of the kidney is the

A

renal cortex

123
Q

indication of an ileal conduit

A

malignancy of bladder

stricture of ureter

124
Q

T/F a cystoscopy is NOT a diagnostic tool

A

FALSE

125
Q

Wilm’s tumor

A

malignant tumor in children

126
Q

classification of a cystoscopy

A

closed procedure

127
Q

hypospadius

A

urethral meatus is found abnormally on the UNDERSURFACE of the penis

128
Q

kidney failure

A

filtration of the kidneys are not effective

129
Q

formal name of “undescended testicles”

A

cryptorchidism

130
Q

T/F perineal prostatectomy is a direct approach to the prostate

A

TRUE

131
Q

epispadius

A

the urethral opening is above on top of the penis

surgical interventions 1 (2 decks)

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