GU IMAGING Flashcards
helps to assess constipation in pediatric patients
KUB
abdominopelvic xray
KUB
abdominopelvic xray with contrast
IVP
_________ has replaced traditional IVP
CT IVP
risk of IVP
allergic reaction to dye
IVP is used for
⦁ abdominal injury ⦁ bladder & kidney infections ⦁ hematuria ⦁ flank pain ⦁ tumors
renal US indications
⦁ can determine size of kidneys (hydronephrosis) ⦁ signs of injury to kidneys ⦁ abnormalities present at birth ⦁ presence of blockage or kidney stones ⦁ complications of a UTI ⦁ cysts or tumors
scrotal US uses
⦁ looks at size of testicles
⦁ to evaluate a mass or lump (cystic vs solid)
⦁ find a reason for pain
⦁ look at blood flow to testicles
⦁ look for location of undescended testis
how to image the prostate
TRUS = trans-rectal ultrasound
xray of the bladder with contrast
VCUG = voiding cystourethrogram
used to check for VUR after a UTI***
VCUG
- others
⦁ Bladder obstruction
⦁ Abnormal urination with very high pressure within the bladder
⦁ Incomplete bladder emptying
to determine functionality of urethra
retrograde urethrogram
helps diagnose urethral pathology from trauma or urethral strictures (ex: presence of blood at meatus)
- done for pre & post-op reconstruction of urethra
- can help identify urethral diverticulum & fistulas
helps diagnose urethral pathology from trauma or urethral strictures
retrograde urethrogram
CT IVP
- uses IV contrast dye
- evaluates the collecting system, ureters and bladder
- used for causes of hematuria
- identifies renal tumors better than CT without contrast
question with UTI & little boy (think VUR)
VCUG
- used mainly for prostate cancer
- helps determine the extent of the spread of cancer
- helps in planning radiotherapy for prostate cancer
MRI
A 21-year-old man presents to the clinic with flank pain. An initial CT scan was done and showed right hydronephrosis that is consistent with Uretero-Pelvic Junction (UPJ) obstruction. You are worried about the function and excretion of the right kidney. What is your next diagnostic evaluation for this young man?
a. MAG3 Nuclear Scan
b. MRI
c. CT IVP
d. Renal Ultrasound
e. KUB
a. MAG3 Nuclear Scan
A 52 year old male presents to your walk-in care clinic with progressively worsening flank pain, vomiting, abdominal pain and bloating. Which one of the following imaging tests would be the most appropriate in the initial evaluation of this patient?
a. IVP
b. Spiral CT scan with stone protocol
c. Renal ultrasound
d. KUB
d. KUB
You have a 2 year old female that has been brought in by her mother 4-5 times over the last 6 months for urinary tract infections. The infections usually respond well to antibiotics. What further work-up does this patient need?
a. Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
b. MRI
c. CT without contrast
d. IVP
a. Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
A 40-year-old male patient presents with complaints of acute abdominal flank pain with associated back pain. He states his urine as been pinkish over the past few days and he also indicates he has had to get up in the middle of the night to urinate for about 2 weeks. Blood pressure is 168/100. He states, “My dad had some kidney issues and ended up on dialysis.” Based on this presentation and your suspicions, what imaging study would be the best first choice?
a. Abdominal xray
b. IVP
c. Renal Ultrasound
d. MRI of the abdomen
c. Renal Ultrasound
Which imaging study is considered the gold standard for diagnosing nephrolithiasis?
a. MRI
b. Ultrasound
c. Non-contrast CT scan
d. IVP
e. Contrast CT scan
c. Non-contrast CT scan
What type of stone composition is not seen on KUB?
a. Cystine stone
b. Calcium stone
c. Struvite stone
d. Uric Acid stone
d. Uric Acid stone
