GU+GI Flashcards
What is the purpose of the gastrointestinal system?
Absorb nutrients, digestion, and excretion
What are the four components of the external abdomen called?
RUQ
LUQ
LLQ
RLQ
Describe the movement of food after it passes through the mouth.
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ilium
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anus
Name and describe the 4 categories/findings for the presence of bowel sounds
Absent: 0
Normal: 5-30
Hypo: less 5
Hyper: more than 30
What are the filtering units of the kidney
Nephrons
What does the kidney do
Remove waste from the blood and regulate the fluid balance
What is the purpose of the bladder
Reservoir and active excretory organ for urine
What is the purpose of the ureter
Transport urine from the kidneys to bladder
What is the purpose of the urethra
Allows urine to pass through
What is the purpose of renal vein
Carries filtered blood from kidneys to inferior vena cava
Renal artery
Carry oxygenated blood from heart to kidneys, adrenal glands, and ureter
What is the purpose of adrenal gland
Produces hormones that regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, and other essential funcitons
Contour
Outline the surface
Umbilicus
Pit in the center of abdominal wall/umbilical cord
Intake
Consuming/absorbing
Output
Yield or total of anything produced by functional system of body
BM
Bowel movemnt
GI
Gastrointestinal
NPO
Nothing by mouth
Nephro
Kidneys
GU
Genitourinary
Rigidity
Tightness.taut
Striae
Stretch marks
Demeanor
Way a person behaves
Dysphasia
Difficulty swallowing
Epigastric
Upper middle region of stomach
Hypo gastric
Lowest of three median regions of the abdomen
SLP
Speech language pathologist
Void
Empty bladder/ urinate
Pyrosis
Heart burn
Hernia
Projection of organ through lining that is normally situated
Emesis
Vomit
Bowel sounds
High pitched abdominal sounds caused by movement of abdominal cramps
Flatus/flatulence
Gas
Abdominal distention
Gas/fluid fill the abdomen causing it to expand
Coastal margin
Lower edge of chest formed by edge of ribcage
Dialysis
Process of removing excess water, solutes, toxins from peoples blood who’s kidneys can’t
Continent
Able to control bladder and bowels
Incontinent
Unable to control bladder and bowels
What are the steps of the BEDSIDE abdominal exam
Determine last bowel movement
Inspect abdomen for shape and skin characteristics
Auscultate all quadrants
Lightly palpate abdomen for tenderness and rigidity
What assessment techniques are used during the BEDSIDE abdominal exam
Inspection
Auscultation
Palpation
Describe 5 findings the nurse can expect to assess when inspecting the abdominal shape and skin characteristics
Striae
Scars
Bulging masses
Pulsations under aorta
Discoloration
What part of the stethoscope is used to assess bowel sounds?
Diaphragm
Absent sounds
0 sounds
Hypoactive bowel
Less than 5
Hyperactive bowel
More than 30
Normoactive bowel
5-30 sounds
What 3 meaningful subjective questions to ask the patient that relate to the abdomen/GI exam
Do you have a history of any bowel diseases or disorders?
Have you ever had abdominal surgery?
Any recent changes to your diet?
What are three meaningful subjective questions to ask the patient/ that relate to the genitourinary exam
History of UTI?
Any history of kidney stones?
Any history of cancer?
When palpating the abdomen, the nurses assess which two findings?
Tenderness
Rigidity
What type of data is collected for the genitourinary exam
Subjective
