GU. Breasts, male, female, anorectal Flashcards
menarche
age at onset of menses
menopause
absence of menses for 12 consecutive months
postmenopausal bleeding
bleeding occurs 6mos or more after menses cease
amenorrhea
absence of menses
dysmenorrhea
pain w/ menses
PMS
lol we don’t need a definition here
Abnormal uterine bleeding
bleeding b/t menses
Primary dysmenorrhea
increased prostaglandin production during Luteal Phase of cycle (when estrogen & progesterone levels fall)
secondary dysmenorrhea
from organic cause such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, PID, polyps
primary amenorrhea
failure of periods to initiate
secondary amenorrhea
periods cease from pregnancy, lactation, anorexia, menopause
polymenorrhea
less than 21 days b/t menses
oligomenorrhea
infrequent bleeding
menorrhagia
intermenstrual bleeding
postcoital bleeding
sucks i bet
dysparenunia
painful intercourse….also sucks i would assume
axillary tail of breast tissue extending into anterior axillary fold
Tail of Spence
3 types of tissue in breasts
Glandular, Fibrous CT, Adipose
Lymph drainage
Most drain toward axilla – central nodes, drain to supraclavicular and infraclavicular nodes
best time for breast exam
5-7 days after menses onset when estrogen stimulation lowest
fibroadenoma and cysts vs cancer
cancer irregular, firm/hard, not clearly delineated, may be fixed to skin, usually nontender. May have retraction signs.
Cysts/Fibroadenomas firm, round, well delineated, mobile, without retraction signs.
(Cysts may be tender)
visible CA signs
skin dimpling, nipple retraction, retraction, peau d’orange
peau d’orange
looks like orange b/c skin edema from lymphatic blockade
paget’s dz of nipple
Uncommon breast cancer. Scaly, eczemalike lesion may weep/crust. Suspect w/ persistent dermatitis of nipple area. Can present w/ mass and/or invasive CA
shaft anatomy
corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa
