GU

Question 1

Signs and sxs of ovulation

Answer 1

mittelschmertz, cx mucus changes, basal body temp risees, regular monthly periods, LH spike, PMS, serum rpgesterone is produced

Question 2

Explain the hormones that get scecreted during menstruation

Answer 2

gNRH from hypothalamus –> FSH/LH form ant pituitary–> estrogen/progesterone from ovary

Question 3

Effects of estrogen on reporductive organs

Answer 3

endometrial proliferation, myometrial cell growth, vaginal cornification, reduce vaginal ph, increased cervical mucus PH

Question 4

LH= activates what 3

FSH: releases what

Answer 4

LH= androgens, progesterone, ovulation

FSH=estrogen

Question 5

Too much estrogen=

Answer 5

Dysmenorrhea, nausea, hyperproliferation, menorrhagia (too much bleeding), uterine fibroids, edema, fibrocystic breast changes

Question 6

Too little estrogen= 2

Answer 6

oligomenorrhea and metrorrhagia

Question 7

3 affects of progesterone on reporductive organs

Answer 7

endometrial secretory changes(tackyacidic discharge), decreased pH of cervical mucus, maintains pregnancy for 13 weeks, mucus plug protection, tubal cilia are initiiated to assist in implantation, increases basal temperature

Question 8

5 signs of abnormal bleeding

Answer 8

35 days, >7 days of menses, spotting between menses, RED FLAG post monopausal bleeding

Question 9

A patient with hypothyroidism will likely have what abnormal bleedin gcycle?

Answer 9

menorrhagia excessive bleedin

Question 10

What is the most common cause of neoplasms that cause abnormal bleeding?

Answer 10

fibroids

Question 11

Causes of menorrhagia 8

Answer 11

pregnancy, infection, intrauterine device, uterine fibroids, endometiral/cerv polyps,hypothyroidism (TSH, fT4), neoplasma, dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Question 12

Signs of menorrhagia include

Answer 12

menstrual bleeding >7 days, bleeding through tampon every hour, change of protection during night, fatigue, dizziness, SOB, anemia sxs,

Question 13

work up for menorrhagia

Answer 13

pregnancy test, STI screen, endocrine, coagulation work up, PAP, U/S(pelvic, transvaginal)

Question 14

DIfference b/t chronic cervicitis and acute cervicitis

Answer 14

Chronic: thick yellow w/ no bacteriologic etiology, r/o cancer.
Acute: STI related

Question 15

Amenorrhea

Answer 15

absence or abnormal cessation of menses

Question 16

oligomenorrhea

Answer 16

scanty menstruation, intervals throughout year 4-9 periods per year

Question 17

Polymenorrhea

Answer 17

occurence of menstrual cycles greater than usual frequency

Question 18

Menorrhagia

Answer 18

excessively prolonged or profuse menses

Question 19

metrorrhagia

Answer 19

irregular, acyclic bleeding BETWEEN periods, bleeding between menstural cycles

Question 20

menometrorrhagia

Answer 20

irregula or excessive bleeding during mensturation and between mentrual periods

Question 21

dysmenorrhea

Answer 21

painful menses

Question 22

mittelschmerz

Answer 22

one sided lower abdominal pain that occurs in women ar or aroungd the time of ovualtion

Question 23

Adenomyosis

Answer 23

endometrial glands grow into the uterine wall, creating a sponge like effect, assoicated with heavy painful periods

Question 24

What is the most comon solid tumor in women

Answer 24

uterine fibroids

Question 25

most common indication for major surgery i in women

Answer 25

uterine fibroids

Question 26

what is the most ocmmon cause a of abnormal uteirne bleeding

Answer 26

uternie fibrouds

Question 27

What is embolization and how is it effective treatment for a uterine fibroids

Answer 27

blockage of arterial flow to create necerotic tissue of location of uterine fibroids, causign cramping

Question 28

adenomyosis is most commom in what women

Answer 28

age 35-50 in parous women, (have had children)

Question 29

Endometrial hyperplasia

Answer 29

overgrowht of endometrial cells in the endometrium

Question 30

is endometrial hyperplasia benign or malignant?

Answer 30

benign, but if left untreated there is ahigh risk of endometrial cancer

Question 31

What gives a perosn the best percentage of 5 year survival of endometrial carcianoma

Answer 31

Stage 4 or stage 1?

Question 32

wHAT IS THE highest risk factor for endometrrial carcinoma?

Answer 32

Atypical hyperplasia has a risk factor of 29.