GU Flashcards
Signs and sxs of ovulation
mittelschmertz, cx mucus changes, basal body temp risees, regular monthly periods, LH spike, PMS, serum rpgesterone is produced
Explain the hormones that get scecreted during menstruation
gNRH from hypothalamus –> FSH/LH form ant pituitary–> estrogen/progesterone from ovary
Effects of estrogen on reporductive organs
endometrial proliferation, myometrial cell growth, vaginal cornification, reduce vaginal ph, increased cervical mucus PH
LH= activates what 3
FSH: releases what
LH= androgens, progesterone, ovulation
FSH=estrogen
Too much estrogen=
Dysmenorrhea, nausea, hyperproliferation, menorrhagia (too much bleeding), uterine fibroids, edema, fibrocystic breast changes
Too little estrogen= 2
oligomenorrhea and metrorrhagia
3 affects of progesterone on reporductive organs
endometrial secretory changes(tackyacidic discharge), decreased pH of cervical mucus, maintains pregnancy for 13 weeks, mucus plug protection, tubal cilia are initiiated to assist in implantation, increases basal temperature
5 signs of abnormal bleeding
35 days, >7 days of menses, spotting between menses, RED FLAG post monopausal bleeding
A patient with hypothyroidism will likely have what abnormal bleedin gcycle?
menorrhagia excessive bleedin
What is the most common cause of neoplasms that cause abnormal bleeding?
fibroids
Causes of menorrhagia 8
pregnancy, infection, intrauterine device, uterine fibroids, endometiral/cerv polyps,hypothyroidism (TSH, fT4), neoplasma, dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Signs of menorrhagia include
menstrual bleeding >7 days, bleeding through tampon every hour, change of protection during night, fatigue, dizziness, SOB, anemia sxs,
work up for menorrhagia
pregnancy test, STI screen, endocrine, coagulation work up, PAP, U/S(pelvic, transvaginal)
DIfference b/t chronic cervicitis and acute cervicitis
Chronic: thick yellow w/ no bacteriologic etiology, r/o cancer.
Acute: STI related
Amenorrhea
absence or abnormal cessation of menses
oligomenorrhea
scanty menstruation, intervals throughout year 4-9 periods per year
Polymenorrhea
occurence of menstrual cycles greater than usual frequency
Menorrhagia
excessively prolonged or profuse menses
metrorrhagia
irregular, acyclic bleeding BETWEEN periods, bleeding between menstural cycles
menometrorrhagia
irregula or excessive bleeding during mensturation and between mentrual periods
dysmenorrhea
painful menses
mittelschmerz
one sided lower abdominal pain that occurs in women ar or aroungd the time of ovualtion
Adenomyosis
endometrial glands grow into the uterine wall, creating a sponge like effect, assoicated with heavy painful periods
What is the most comon solid tumor in women
uterine fibroids
