Gtpal Flashcards
What does the ‘G’ in GTPAL stand for?
Gravity - grvid mean pregnant= how many times has the person been pregnant no matter what the out come.
What does the ‘T’ in GTPAL stand for?
Term - how many past 37 weeks has this patient had?
What does the ‘P’ in GTPAL stand for?
Preterm- how many preterm deliveries has this patient had? (20-27 weeks)
What does the ‘A’ in GTPAL stand for?
Abortion - spontaneously miscarriage- how many losses of pregnancies?
What does the ‘L’ in GTPAL stand for?
Live children- how many live children does this person have?
Nulagravida means
Never been pregnant
Premiegravida means
First pregnancy
Multigravida means
2+ pregnancies
Nageles rule
The guys who came up with how to figure a women’s due date. Estimated gestational age is 40 weeks in humans. If you know the first day of the patient’s last menstrual cycle subtract 3 months, add 1 week, then add 1 year.
Cathys easier rule
At 9 months & one week to the last of whatever the patients first day of last menstrual period was.
(HCG) Human chorionic gonadotropin
Pregnancy hormone
Rh factor. You have to know what the blood type is of your patient. Why?
If patient is RH- and has a baby who is RH+ they will mix blood at delivery and then if they have another baby in the future with an RH+ baby, the mothers immune system will recognize that baby at something foreign and will attack that baby with something called erythroblastosis fetalis which could cause baby to die.
What should be administered to a pregnant woman with Rh+ blood ? When?
RhoGAM which is an intramuscular injection which is administered at 28 weeks and within 72 hrs of delivery. Or when there is pelvic/abdominal trama or vaginal bleeding.
MSAFP is another lab which stands for and what does it mean?
Maternal serum alpha feta protein
It means it’s measured through patients blood not through the fetus.
What does MSAFP help to screen form
Genetic abnormality , an increase of MSAFP is indictive of a neural tube defect but a decease is indicative of down syndrome. This is not diagnostic and does not mean it is what’s actually happening.
What should MSAFP be followed up with to be sure of results? If results are higher or lower than they should be
Amniocentesis
Define amniocentesis
a prenatal procedure that involves extracting a small amount of amniotic fluid from the uterus to test for genetic and chromosomal conditions in the fetus
When is amniocentesis usually done?
Between 15-20 weeks of pregnancy
When does gestational diabetes occur?
In pregnancy, when the body has trouble using insulin, a hormone that helps glucose (sugar) get from the blood into cells for energy. In pregnancy, the body produces more hormones that can make it harder for the insulin to work. This can lead to high blood sugar levels.
What does the glucose tolerance test, test for?
It’s a screening test that tests for gestational diabetes
At what stage in pregnancy is the glucose test given? (1 hr)
24-28 weeks
Is fasting required for glucose test? How much is given? What number indicates a further test needs done? What indicates patient does not have it?
No fasting required 50 g glucose solution. If it is above 140 then you move on to a 3 hour glucose test. If it’s below then you know you don’t have gestational diabetes.
With the 3 hr glucose test, do you need to fast? How much glucose is given?
Yes, and 100g of glucose. Your blood will be drawn before the test. Then you will have blood drawn 1 hr, 2hr, 3 hr after the glucose drink. To see what your glucose test.
What indicates gestational diabetes?
Any two blood results of being abnormal is diagnostic of gestational diabetes. If you come in and your fasting level is high but your blood tests after the glucose drink is not then it’s fine and there is no gestational diabetes.
