Gtpal

Question 1

What does the ‘G’ in GTPAL stand for?

Answer 1

Gravity - grvid mean pregnant= how many times has the person been pregnant no matter what the out come.

Question 2

What does the ‘T’ in GTPAL stand for?

Answer 2

Term - how many past 37 weeks has this patient had?

Question 3

What does the ‘P’ in GTPAL stand for?

Answer 3

Preterm- how many preterm deliveries has this patient had? (20-27 weeks)

Question 4

What does the ‘A’ in GTPAL stand for?

Answer 4

Abortion - spontaneously miscarriage- how many losses of pregnancies?

Question 5

What does the ‘L’ in GTPAL stand for?

Answer 5

Live children- how many live children does this person have?

Question 6

Nulagravida means

Answer 6

Never been pregnant

Question 7

Premiegravida means

Answer 7

First pregnancy

Question 8

Multigravida means

Answer 8

2+ pregnancies

Question 9

Nageles rule

Answer 9

The guys who came up with how to figure a women’s due date. Estimated gestational age is 40 weeks in humans. If you know the first day of the patient’s last menstrual cycle subtract 3 months, add 1 week, then add 1 year.

Question 10

Cathys easier rule

Answer 10

At 9 months & one week to the last of whatever the patients first day of last menstrual period was.

Question 11

(HCG) Human chorionic gonadotropin

Answer 11

Pregnancy hormone

Question 12

Rh factor. You have to know what the blood type is of your patient. Why?

Answer 12

If patient is RH- and has a baby who is RH+ they will mix blood at delivery and then if they have another baby in the future with an RH+ baby, the mothers immune system will recognize that baby at something foreign and will attack that baby with something called erythroblastosis fetalis which could cause baby to die.

Question 13

What should be administered to a pregnant woman with Rh+ blood ? When?

Answer 13

RhoGAM which is an intramuscular injection which is administered at 28 weeks and within 72 hrs of delivery. Or when there is pelvic/abdominal trama or vaginal bleeding.

Question 14

MSAFP is another lab which stands for and what does it mean?

Answer 14

Maternal serum alpha feta protein
It means it’s measured through patients blood not through the fetus.

Question 15

What does MSAFP help to screen form

Answer 15

Genetic abnormality , an increase of MSAFP is indictive of a neural tube defect but a decease is indicative of down syndrome. This is not diagnostic and does not mean it is what’s actually happening.

Question 16

What should MSAFP be followed up with to be sure of results? If results are higher or lower than they should be

Answer 16

Amniocentesis

Question 17

Define amniocentesis

Answer 17

a prenatal procedure that involves extracting a small amount of amniotic fluid from the uterus to test for genetic and chromosomal conditions in the fetus

Question 18

When is amniocentesis usually done?

Answer 18

Between 15-20 weeks of pregnancy

Question 19

When does gestational diabetes occur?

Answer 19

In pregnancy, when the body has trouble using insulin, a hormone that helps glucose (sugar) get from the blood into cells for energy. In pregnancy, the body produces more hormones that can make it harder for the insulin to work. This can lead to high blood sugar levels.

Question 20

What does the glucose tolerance test, test for?

Answer 20

It’s a screening test that tests for gestational diabetes

Question 21

At what stage in pregnancy is the glucose test given? (1 hr)

Answer 21

24-28 weeks

Question 22

Is fasting required for glucose test? How much is given? What number indicates a further test needs done? What indicates patient does not have it?

Answer 22

No fasting required 50 g glucose solution. If it is above 140 then you move on to a 3 hour glucose test. If it’s below then you know you don’t have gestational diabetes.

Question 23

With the 3 hr glucose test, do you need to fast? How much glucose is given?

Answer 23

Yes, and 100g of glucose. Your blood will be drawn before the test. Then you will have blood drawn 1 hr, 2hr, 3 hr after the glucose drink. To see what your glucose test.

Question 24

What indicates gestational diabetes?

Answer 24

Any two blood results of being abnormal is diagnostic of gestational diabetes. If you come in and your fasting level is high but your blood tests after the glucose drink is not then it’s fine and there is no gestational diabetes.