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2nd Year, Second Sem. minors > GSELF- Prelims > Flashcards

GSELF- Prelims Flashcards

1
Q

Self to Ancient Philosophers

A

Perfection of soul

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2
Q

Imperative

A

One must know the limits of thyself

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3
Q

What is inscribed in the entrance of Greek temples?

A

“Know thyself”

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4
Q

“The unexamined life is not worth living” He also recognizes ignorance; father of philosophy

A

Socrates

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5
Q

Other term for soul

A

psyche

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6
Q

“To know is to know that you know nothing, that is the meaning of true knowledge”

A

Socrates

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7
Q

“Human behavior flows from three main sources:
desire, emotion, and knowledge.”

A

Plato

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8
Q

the examination of the self is a
unique experience; it differs from person to person,

A

Plato

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9
Q

Understanding how these three elements work then leads to
understanding of the self.

A

Appetitive, Spirited, Mind

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10
Q

consists of one’s pleasures, desires, physical satisfactions,
and comforts.

A

Appetitive

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11
Q

is the motivated element, which fights back to ensure that
the appetitive is controlled.

A

Spirited

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12
Q

most superior element of the psyche, which controls how
the self is expressed.

A

Mind

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13
Q

Meaning of NOUS

A

Conscious awareness

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14
Q

“This is the very perfection of man; to find out his own imperfections.”

A

St. Augustine

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15
Q

the self develops through self-presentation and
self-realization.

A

St. Augustine

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16
Q

Man’s end goal according to St. Augustine

A

Happiness attained through God

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17
Q

Self according to Modern philosophers

A

Dialectic analysis between rationalism and empiricism

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18
Q

deals with thinking and innate ideas, and regards reason as the main source of knowledge.

A

Rationalism

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19
Q

has to do with sense experience where knowledge is based on how one observes and perceives his/her experiences.

A

Empiricism

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20
Q

I think therefore I am

A

Rene Descartes

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21
Q

states that everything must be subjected to doubt or that everything should be questioned.

A

Methodic doubt

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22
Q

a way of searching for certainty by systematically and tentatively doubting everything.

A

Methodic doubt

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23
Q

“It is not enough to have a good mind; the main thing is to
use it well.”

A

Rene Descartes

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24
Q

According to Rene, this is the primary condition why the self exists

A

Human rationality

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25
Q

“No man’s knowledge here can go beyond his experience.”

A

John Locke

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26
Q

was an advocate of Empiricism. His concept of “tabula rasa” .

A

John Locke

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27
Q

explains how the self starts out as
an empty space

A

Tabula Rasa

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28
Q

“There is no self.”

A

David Hume

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29
Q

According to Him, the idea of the self is merely derived from
impressions. which are subjective,
temporary, and prejudicial. They do not persist.

A

David Hume

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30
Q

“If man makes himself a worm, he must not complain when he is
trodden on.”

A

Immanuel Kant

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31
Q

synthesized the rationalist and empiricist views. He proposed that the self is always transcendental.

A

Immanuel Kant

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32
Q

Accordingly, rationality unifies and makes sense of the perceptions we have in our experiences.

A

Immanuel Kant

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32
Q

Self according to contemporary philosophers

A

Wide variety of
theories that could be used in understanding the self.

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33
Q

There are things about the self that one knows and is aware of, and at the same time, there are those that one does not know and is unaware of. ( A model)

A

Typographical Model

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34
Q

This model explains how the “I “ is both conscious and unconscious.
Freud’s Iceberg Theory illustrates this.

A

Typographical model

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35
Q

According to him, “I” being
a product of multiple interacting processes.

A

Sigmund Freud

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36
Q

This model looks into the structures of personality or the self, as Freud proposed.

A

Structural model

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37
Q

Parts of typographical model (imagine definitions of each)

A

Conscious, subconscious, unconscious

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38
Q

is the primitive or instinctive component, which consists of one’s primal urges and wants.

A

ID

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39
Q

is the reality principle,
and balances the id and superego.

A

Ego

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40
Q

synthesizes the values
and morals of society, and includes one’s conscience.

A

Superego

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41
Q

“I act, therefore I am.”

A

Gilbert Ryle

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42
Q

He stated that the self may be understood based
on the external manifestations

A

Gilbert Ryle

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42
Q

“I live in my body.”

A

MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY

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43
Q

refers to an entity that can
never be objectified or known in a completely objective sort of way.

A

Lived body

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44
Q

proposed that perception is a causal process; Distinguish truth from illusion.

A

MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY

44
Q

This concept explains how mental concepts are mistaken and do not adequately allow people to know about what is going on with
themselves.

A

“Eliminative Materialism”

45
Q

“Brains are not magical; they are causal machines.”

A

PAUL and PATRICIA CHURCHLAND

46
Q

“To love society is to love something beyond us
and something in ourselves.”

A

EMILE DURKHEIM

47
Q

Before we were born, there are already societal influences on us that shape our life and personalities.

A

EMILE DURKHEIM

48
Q

While alive, the societal influences continue
to have an impact on us, and even beyond our lifetime.

A

EMILE DURKHEIM

48
Q

conditions and circumstances external to the individual that,
nevertheless, determine the individual’s course of action.

A

Social Facts

49
Q

According to him, sociology is all about analyzing social facts

A

EMILE DURKHEIM

49
Q

is the degree to which an individual is connected to the
society.

A

Social integration

50
Q

the doctrine that rationality leaves room for the individualities of personalities of subjects to express themselves

A

Moral Individualism

50
Q

results from a collective consciousness or a shared way of understanding and behaving in the world in terms of norms, beliefs, and values.

A

Social integration

51
Q

How the rights and dignity of an individual is dependent to the justice system

A

Moral Individualism

52
Q

How people get to live together peacefully

A

Division of labor

53
Q

“Self-concept is formed through our impressions on
how other people see us.”

A

Charles Horton Cooley

54
Q

He proposed that one’s self grows out of one’s social interactions with others. The degree of personal
insecurity displayed in social situations is determined by
what one believes other people think of him/her.

A

Charles Horton Cooley

55
Q

This occurs when we are labeled, and others’ views
and expectations of us are affected by that labeling.

A

Labeling bias

56
Q

This occurs when we are repeatedly labeled and evaluated by others, and we adopt other’s labels explicitly into our self-concept

A

Self-labeling

57
Q

This occurs when we are repeatedly labeled and evaluated by others, and we adopt other’s labels explicitly into our self-concept

A

Self-labeling

58
Q

prejudice, when individuals turn prejudice directed toward them by others onto themselves.

A

Internalized prejudice

59
Q

negatively. Those who are negatively labeled may claim these labels more positively to feel better about themselves.

A

Positive reclaiming

60
Q

Looking glass-self

A

Charles Horton Cooley

61
Q

Stages of the self

A

George Herbert Mead

62
Q

The conception one holds about
the self in one’s mind emerges from social interaction with
others.

A

George Herbert Mead

63
Q

The self is neither present at birth nor at the beginning of social interaction. It is constructed and re-constructed in the process of social experience.

A

George Herbert Mead

63
Q

objective element; represents the expectations and attitudes of others

A

Me

64
Q

Subjective element; the response to the “me” or the person’s individuality,

A

“I”

65
Q

children merely imitate the people around them

A

Preparatory stage

66
Q

Stage they now do pretend
play of different characters or roles they become more aware of social relationships; they
can mentally assume the perspective of another.

A

play stage

67
Q

begins to consider several actual
tasks and relationships
simultaneously; grasp not only their social position but also those of others around them

A

Game stage

68
Q

What age is the game stage

A

about age 8-9

69
Q

“Our reality is rooted in society and learning.”

A

Zeus Salazar

70
Q

Language is needed in order for us to articulate this reality.

A

Zeus Salazar

71
Q

is a self-subsisted
ideological circle consisting of active subjects.

A

pantayo

72
Q

a from-us-for-us perspective. It is any social collectivity which possesses a relatively unified and internally articulated linguistic-cultural structure of communication

A

Pantayong pananaw

73
Q

makes use of dynamic dualism, or a pairing of concepts, in order to understand the Filipino personality.

A

PROSPERO COVAR

74
Q

Loob is paired
with labas while budhi is paired with kaluluwa.

A

PROSPERO COVAR

75
Q

This includes the biological and natural aspects of culture.

A

Likas

76
Q

This includes the artificial and man-made aspects of culture.

A

Likha

77
Q

discussed several aspects of the self, each of which become more prominent or are
sampled in a specific type of culture. private, public and collective self

A

HARRY TRIANDIS

78
Q

This includes your understanding of yourself.

A

Private Self

79
Q

This covers how you are perceived by other people in
general.

A

Public Self

80
Q

This refers to your sense of belonging to a social
group such as your family, friends, religious affiliation, nation, and
other groups you might belong to.

A

Collective Self

81
Q

culture is rigid in requiring that members behave according to
the norms.

A

Tight culture

82
Q

has a high tolerance for deviation from norms.

A

Lose culture

83
Q

The culture there is a common way of living.

A

Simple culture

84
Q

The culture has several ways of life.

A

Complex culture

85
Q

These cultures give importance to being an active player in society.

A

Collective culture

86
Q

these cultures, emphasis is placed on the individualistic self.

A

individualistic culture

86
Q

these cultures, emphasis is placed on the individualistic self.

A

individualistic culture

87
Q

concept wherein the human person is composed of matter or the body and form or the soul. who is the inventor?

A

Hylemorphic Theory; Aristotle

88
Q

The ultimate goodness, perfection, or
excellence

A

Arete

89
Q

Thought wherein, they see the self as one entity.
The body and soul is always one self.

A

Eastern thought

90
Q

The thought where the self is very much anchored on the individuality of the
psyche.

A

Western thought

91
Q

this is a polytheistic religion from India.

A

Hinduism

92
Q

It is the true self because it is
unchanging and it is identical to Brahman, the only one reality.

A

Atman

93
Q

another religion that originated from India. Although some
people claim it is not a religion but a way of life.

A

Buddhism

94
Q

claims that
there is no self because it is considered as nothing but an evolution and transformation of inner consciousness.

A

Buddhism

95
Q

Siddhartha Gautama

A

Buddha

96
Q

He believed that the
society has primacy over the individual person. The self is a person within
the society who exhibits refinement and compassion.

A

Confucius

97
Q

the new self formed in the right education under the virtuous teacher as the
role model; also known as gentleman and superior man; according to Chinese.

A

Junzi

98
Q

originally means sacrifice but later it is better understood as a refined manner of spiritual rituals and sacrifices, and protocols in
honoring the ancestors.

A

Li

99
Q

the character of the self
that sincerely shows compassion for others

A

Ren

100
Q

Represents the Chinese counterculture. The good life for is the simple life, spontaneous, in harmony with nature,

A

Taoism

101
Q

They are champions of individuality and individual
freedom.

A

Taoist’s

102
Q

The Chinese philosopher Confucius ascertained Chinese civilization by establishing social order.

A

Confician Philosophy

103
Q

this is from the (humanness)
philosophy of Africa. A Zulu proverb says “a person is a person
through other persons”. Thus, we are all brothers and sisters and
people need reconciliation with others to realize this philosophy.

A

African Ubuntu Philosophy

104
Q

Emphasized the unity of a nation –
the chosen people of God. This is basically a communal
perspective of the self shared by eastern traditions.

A

Judeo-Christian Philosophies

105
Q

Islam shares similar perspective with Judeo-
Christian Philosophies by believing in the importance of community over the individual. Also, it highlights the oneness of Allah and the inclusivity of Islam as a religion.

A

Islamic traditions

106
Q

The Eastern philosophy is more attuned to the collective dimension of the self, compared to
the Western individualistic ideals of the self.

A

hehe

2nd Year, Second Sem. minors (1 decks)

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