gsce biology revision

Question 1

what is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 1

a cell that contains a nucleus

Question 2

what is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 2

a cell that does not contain a nucleus

Question 3

what does a nucleus do?

Answer 3

controls what happens in the cell and carries genetic information

Question 4

what is a cytoplasm and what does it do?

Answer 4

jelly like substance where chemical reactions happen

Question 5

what is the role of the cell membrane?

Answer 5

controls what gets in and out of the cell

Question 6

what are ribosomes?

Answer 6

tiny round structures where new proteins are made for the cell

Question 7

what is the mitochondria?

Answer 7

jelly-bean shapes structure where respiration occurs and an organism gets its energy

Question 8

what is the vacuole?

Answer 8

a space filled with cell sap and helps support the cell

Question 9

what do chloroplasts do?

Answer 9

they contain chlorophyll and is where the cell makes glucose for photosynthesis

Question 10

what does the cell wall do?

Answer 10

it is made of tough cellulose to give the cell support and structure

Question 11

what is an estimation?

Answer 11

an educated guess based on evidence/results

Question 12

why do we use estimates?

Answer 12

to get rough data

Question 13

how do you work out the magnification?

Answer 13

image size / actual size

Question 14

draw the triangle to work out magnification, image size or actual size

Answer 14

i

a x m

Question 15

what is an electron microscopes source?

Answer 15

electrons

Question 16

what is a light microscopes source?

Answer 16

light

Question 17

which is better: a higher resolution or a lower resolution?

Answer 17

lower resolution

Question 18

does the electron microscope have a higher or lower resolution compared to the light microscope?

Answer 18

lower resolution

Question 19

does the light microscope have a higher or lower resolution compared to the electron microscope?

Answer 19

higher resolution

Question 20

what are specialised cells?

Answer 20

cells that have a specific function (they are well adapted)

Question 21

where are sperm cells found?

Answer 21

in the males body

Question 22

where are egg cells found?

Answer 22

in the females body

Question 23

what is sperm used for?

Answer 23

to fertilise an egg

Question 24

what is the egg cell used for?

Answer 24

it is used for sexual reproduction

Question 25

what does the jelly coat around the egg cell do?

Answer 25

it protects the egg shell and gardens after fertilisation to ensure that only one sperm cell enters the egg

Question 26

what does the sperm cells tail do?

Answer 26

the tail waves from side to size, allowing the sperm cell to swim

Question 27

roughly, how many types of specialised cells are in a human?

Answer 27

about 200 types

Question 28

what does the cytoplasm supply the fertilised egg with?

Answer 28

the cytoplasm is packed with nutrients to support the fertilised egg with energy and raw materials of the growth and development of the embryo.

Question 29

what is arranged in a spiral around the top of the sperms tail and why?

Answer 29

a large number of mitochondria to release lots of energy to power the tail

Question 30

does the sperm cell contain a diploid or a haploid nucleus?

Answer 30

haploid

Question 31

does the egg cell contain a diploid or a haploid nucleus?

Answer 31

haploid

Question 32

what are bacteria?

Answer 32

they are single celled organisms