Growths Flashcards
What is a keloid?
Overgrowth of dense fibrous tissue post-injury
What does a keloid look like?
Scar extends beyond original line of trauma Raised, irregular shape Rubbery texture Red → brown/pale with age No hair follicles/sweat glands in scar
Who is normally affected by keloids?
Dark skinned people w/ +ve FHx of easy scarring + Hx of trauma
How is a keloid treated?
1) Local steroid injection: Every 2-6w
2) RARE: Excision
What is a ganglion?
Cyst arising from a joint or tendon sheath
How is a ganglion treated?
No treatment
Self-Limiting
Describe a ganglion
Typically back of wrist
Sizes varies
Can be painful if lie adjacent to a nerve
What are condylomata accuminata?
Anogenital warts
How do genital warts occur?
Sexually transmitted infection
HPV enters basal epithelia of genital skin via micro abrasions
Leads to growth of benign genital warts
What are the cause of genital warts?
HPV 6 + 11
What are the risk factors for genital warts?
Multiple sexual partners DM ImmunoS Pregnant COCP
Which HPV infections can lead to malignancy?
HPV 16 + 18
How do genital warts present?
Asymptomatic OR Multiple warts Local skin irritation → pruritus & burning Inguinal lymphadenopathy Superficial dysuria
What do genital warts look like?
Papillomatous flat lesions Painless Slow growing Serrated edges Sessile polypoidal masses around vulva/glans Can form a confluent mass May catch on clothing
When are genital warts most contagious?
When visible
What happens to genital warts during pregnancy?
Rapid growths
Regress after birth
What is the incubation time for genital warts?
3months
Median detectability = 1yr
Do genital warts recur once treated?
HIGH RECURRENCE RATE
How long does it take to treat genital warts?
Typically 3months
How are genital warts investigated?
Screen for HPV 16+18 Smear test Colposcopy: Aceto-white, neoplasia FULL STI SCREEN Pregnant: Rearrange smear for 12m postpartum
How are genital warts managed?
AT HOME: Podophyllin paint apply weekly Advise barrier protection Persistent: Imiquimod 5% cream IN CLINIC: Cryotherapy Later therapy/electrocautery
What is prophylactic treatment of genital warts?
HPV Vaccine
Protects against 6/11/16/18
Describe viral Warts?
Hard keratinous surface
Papules
Back of hands, feet
Filiform projections of dermascope
How are viral warts treated?
Salicyclic acid
Cryotherapy
C&C
What is the prognosis of viral warts?
50% go in 6months
90% gone in 2years
