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Nelson Pediatrics > Growth and Development > Flashcards

Growth and Development Flashcards

1
Q

The stable, early appearing individual variations in behavioral dimensions (activity level, rhythmicity, approach and withdrawal, adaptability, threshold of responsiveness, intensity of reaction, quality of mood, distractibility, attention span and persistence)

A

Temperament

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2
Q

The relationship that allows securely attached children to use their parents to reestablish a sense of well being after a stressful experience.

A

Attachment

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3
Q

What concept states that children learn best when new challenges are just slightly harder than what they have already mastered (actual and potential points of development)?

A

Zone of proximal development (Vygotsky)

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4
Q

What concept proposes that a child’s status at any point in time is a function of the interaction between biologic and social influences?

A

Transaction model

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5
Q

What concept states that a child passes through successive stages of developmental progress?

A

Concept of developmental line

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6
Q

At what age can a child show an understanding of love?

A

18 months

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7
Q

What type of attachment does a child who represses his/her distress and ignores his/her caregiver both when she leaves and returns?

A

Avoidant

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8
Q

What type of attachment does a child who is very distressed and takes a long time to be comforted?

A

Anxious

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9
Q

What theory states that even when babies are born with innate theories of the world (nativism), those theories may be radically transformed as children learn more about that world (empiricism)?

A

Theory theory

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10
Q

What is the mechanism of fetal programmming wherein 2 genes are inherited but 1 is turned off through environmentally induced epigenetic modification?

A

Epigenetic imprinting

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11
Q

When does neural plasticity peak?

A

First year

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12
Q

What do you call the infant’s preferential turning toward his/her mother’s voice?

A

Recognition memory

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13
Q

When is the period of fastest postnatal growth?

A

1st month. 30g/day

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14
Q

When does crying normally peak?

A

6 weeks. Up to 3 hrs/day

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15
Q

When does voluntary/social smile appear?

A

2 months. Also with increasing eye contact (parents sense of being loved reciprocally).

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16
Q

When does the birthweight double?

A

4 months

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17
Q

At how many months old does an infant “hatch” socially (become more interested in a wider world)?

A

4 months

18
Q

When does the birthweight triple?

A

1st birthday. Also length increase by 50%.

19
Q

When does constancy/object permanence appear?

A

9 months

20
Q

When does stranger anxiety occur?

A

9 months

21
Q

When does tantrums make its first appearance?

A

9 months (autonomy & mastery motivation vs. parental control)

22
Q

When does the first true word appear?

A

9 months. Along with object permanence

23
Q

How many months old can an infant be able to sit without head lag?

A

3 months

24
Q

How many months old can a child start to run?

A

16 months

25
Q

How many months old can an infant grasp a rattle for object use?

A

3.5 months

26
Q

How many months can a child start to turn pages of a book?

A

12 months

27
Q

How many months old can a child start to scribble?

A

13 months

28
Q

How many months old can a child start to use objects in combination such as building tower of 2 cubes?

A

15 months

29
Q

How many months old does a child have visual, gross and fine motor coordination (eg. Builds tower of 6 cubes)?

A

22 months

30
Q

How many months old does a child response ro nonverbal tone (eg. Inhibits to no)?

A

7 months

31
Q

How many months old does a child follow a one step command with gesture?

A

7 months

32
Q

How many months old does a child follow a one step command without gesture?

A

10 months

33
Q

How many months old can a child start to point to objects?

A

10 months

34
Q

How many months old can a child speak 4-6 words?

A

15 months

35
Q

How many months ild can a child speak 10-15 words?

A

18 months

36
Q

How many months old can a child speak 2 word sentences?

A

19 months. beginning grammatization. corresponds with 50 word vocabulary

37
Q

How many months can a child bang 2 cubes?

A

8 months

38
Q

What type of play does a 12 month old child have?

A

Egocentric symbolic play

39
Q

How many months old is a child who plays pretend with a doll?

A

17 months.

Also uses stick to reach objects.

40
Q

How many months old is an infant who can follow a moving object 180 degrees?

A

2 months

41
Q

How many months old is a child who is able to point to body parts?

A

15 months

42
Q

How many months old does rapprochement (increasing clinginess) occur?

A

18 months

Nelson Pediatrics (1 decks)

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