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Clin Med IV - Pediatrics > Growth and Development > Flashcards

Growth and Development Flashcards

1
Q

Crossing _____ standard deviation(s) on a growth curve is concerning for a pedi pt

A

2 or more

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2
Q

What is considered abnormal growth for a pedi pt? Is that considered pathologic?

A

Outside 5th-95th percentile

Not necessarily pathologic, esp. if the pt is following their own growth curve

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3
Q

Times of well-child checks. (8) Which ones involve immunizations?

A
  • 2 wo and/or 1mo
  • 2, 4, 6mo (S)
  • 9mo
  • 12, 15mo (S)
  • 18mo
  • 2yo (S)
  • Annually after 2yo
  • 4 yo (S)
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4
Q

Objective measurements of physical growth in children

A
  • Weight
  • Height
  • Frontal-occipital circumference (FOC) if <2yo
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5
Q

When should objective measurements of physical growth be measured?

A

At ALL office visits

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6
Q

If the objective measurement of physical growth is concerning, what is your next step?

A

Remeasure!

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7
Q

Expect up to ______ weight loss during first _____ of life

A

10%

3-4 days

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8
Q

Infants should regain birth weight by ______

A

14 days old

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9
Q

Best index of nutrition/growth in pedi pts?

A

Weight

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10
Q

FOC is a reliable indicator of brain growth up to _____

A

2yo

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11
Q

Most cranial sutures close by ____

A

6mo (but don’t ossify until early adulthood)

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12
Q

MA Lead Law requires all children to be tested for lead at ____, ____, ____.

A

9-12mo
2yo
3yo

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13
Q

Screen for iron deficiency at what age?

A

1,2,6,4,5,6yo

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14
Q

Pediatric development consists of what 4 parts?

A
  • Gross motor skills
  • Fine motor skills
  • Language
  • Social responses in interactive situations
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15
Q

3 screening missteps

A
  • Ignoring screening results
  • Relying on informal methods (e.g. checklists)
  • Assuming services are limited or nonexistent
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16
Q

Development of gross and fine motor skills progress most rapidly during _______.

A

First 3 years, esp. during 1st year

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17
Q

At what age can a pt roll from back to stomach?

A

4-10mo

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18
Q

At what age can a pt sit steadily without external support?

A

6-9mo

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19
Q

At what age can a pt pull to standing?

A

7-12mo

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20
Q

At what age can a pt stand alone?

A

9-16mo

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21
Q

At what age can a pt walk pretty well?

A

13mo

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22
Q

At what age can a pt stoop and recover?

A

15mo

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23
Q

At what age can a pt kick ball forward?

A

2yo

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24
Q

At what age can a pt throw a ball overhand?

A

3yo

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25
Q

At what age can a pt balance on one foot for 2 sec and hop?

A

4yo

26
Q

At what age can a pt catch a ball?

A

5yo

27
Q

At what age can a pt rake?

A

5-7mo

28
Q

At what age can a pt perform radial digital grasp b/w thumb and side of index finger (i.e. lobster claw)?

A

8-10mo

29
Q

At what age can a pt perfect pincer grasp b/w fingertips and thumb of index finger?

A

10-12mo

30
Q

At what age can a pt scribble?

A

15mo

31
Q

At what age can a pt imitate vertical or circular strokes and build a tower of 6 cubes?

A

24mo

32
Q

What screening test is used in newborns/infants to measure brain response to sounds?

A

Auditory Brainstem Response

33
Q

What screening test is used in newborns/infants to assess cochlear function?

A

Otoacoustic emissions

34
Q

Quick hearing assessment in 0-3mo

A

Does baby startle to loud noises?

35
Q

Quick hearing assessment in 4-6mo

A

Does baby turn eyes/head to sound of parent’s voice

36
Q

Quick hearing assessment in 7-9mo

A

Does baby make string of sounds like ‘ba ba ba, da da da’?

37
Q

1 cause of speech delay

A

Hearing loss

38
Q

When should you refer a child for professional speech/language assessment?

A
  • No speech by age 2
  • Unintelligable speech or no sentences by age 3
  • Child is embarrassed by his/her speech at any age
  • Other known disorder (e.g. hearing loss, mental retardation, autism, dysarthria, stuttering)
39
Q

At what age is stuttering normal?

A

2.5-4yo

40
Q

Assessment of vision for pedi pts include what 3 things?

A
  • Red reflex
  • Corneal light reflex (misalignment)
  • Cover/uncover test (strabismus)
41
Q

What vision milestone should full-term newborn be able to perform?

A

Focus on face and briefly track objects

42
Q

What vision milestone occurs at 2mo?

A
  • Tracks across midline
  • Responsive smile
  • Follows movement 6ft away
43
Q

What vision milestone occurs at 4-5mo?

A
  • Reaches for object 12in. away
  • Notice raisin 1 foot away
  • Familiar smile
44
Q

Social skill milestone at 2mo

A

Social smile

45
Q

Social skill milestone at 6mo

A

Reach for object

46
Q

Social skill milestone at 9mo

A
  • Feeds self

- Passes object hand to hand

47
Q

Social skill milestone at 12mo

A

Plays appropriately with toy

48
Q

Social skill milestone at 18mo

A

Drinks from cup

49
Q

Social skill milestone at 2yo

A

Uses spoon

50
Q

Social skill milestone at 4yo

A

Puts on T-shirt

51
Q

Name 3 things that occur in early adolescence (age 10-13)

A
  • Rapid physical change
  • Concerned if different than peers
  • Concrete thinking
52
Q

Name 3 things that occur in middle adolescence (age 14-16)

A
  • May be more comfortable with bodies (or not)
  • Abstract thinking
  • Sense of omnipotence (sex, drugs, rock n’ roll)
53
Q

Name 2 things that occur in late adolescence (age 17+)

A
  • Less self-centered

- Abstract thinking (realistic future plans)

54
Q

3 leading causes of death in adolescents

A
  • Unintentional (accidents)
  • Suicide
  • Homicide

50% involve drugs and/or alcohol

55
Q

PA’s are mandatory reporters of ______, ______, and ______

A
  • Self-imposed danger
  • Danger to others
  • Abuse (physical & sexual)
56
Q

What is the mature minor rule?

A

Special law in MA instead of formal emancipation that allows minor to consent to tx (except abortion) if minor is believed to be able to and is in best interest not to notify parents

57
Q

Can minors access family planning services?

A

Yes

58
Q

Can minors seek treatment for STDs?

A

Yes

59
Q

Can minors consent to substance abuse tx?

A

Yes (except methadone maintenance) if age 12+ and found drug-dependent by at least 2 doctors

60
Q

Minors age _____ can consent to admission to mental health facility

A

16-17

Clin Med IV - Pediatrics (2 decks)

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