Growth And Development Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is the average neonatal weight?
Average neonatal weight about 3.4 kg
Example: A newborn baby typically weighs around 3.4 kg.
What is the physiologic weight loss during infancy?
Physiologic weight loss is about 5-10% of body weight, regained back by 10 days of life
Example: Babies may lose a small percentage of their body weight after birth but usually regain it within the first 10 days.
How much weight is gained in the 1st 4 months of infancy?
In 1st 4 months, there is increase by ¾ kg/m
Example: Infants typically gain around 0.75 kg per month in the first 4 months of life.
How much weight is gained in the 2nd 4 months of infancy?
In 2nd 4 months, there is increase by ½ kg/m
Example: Infants usually gain around 0.5 kg per month in the second 4 months of life.
How much weight is gained in the 3rd 4 months of infancy?
In 3rd 4 months, there is increase by ¼ kg/m
Example: Infants typically gain around 0.25 kg per month in the third 4 months of life.
How much weight does a child gain in the second year?
Second year he gains 2 kg/y, becomes 12 kg
Example: A child usually gains 2 kg per year in the second year of life and reaches a weight of 12 kg.
What is the weight gain pattern from adolescence onwards?
Then he gains 2kg/yr till age of adolescence
Example: From adolescence onwards, a child typically continues to gain 2 kg per year.
How is weight calculated for 1-6 year olds?
Weight in kg = age(year) x 2 + 8 (for 1-6 yr old)
Example: To calculate the weight of a child between 1-6 years old, multiply their age in years by 2 and add 8.
What is the height at birth?
50cm
At birth= 50cm
What is the height at 1st year?
75cm
At 1st year= 75cm
What is the height at 2nd year?
87cm
At 2nd year= 87 cm
What is the height at 4th year?
100cm (double the birth length)
At 4th year= 100 cm (double the birth length)
What is the formula used for calculating height after age 4?
Height (cm) = age(year) x 5 + 80
After 4th year, height can be roughly calculated by
Height (cm) = age(year) x 5 + 80
What is the head circumference at birth?
At birth 32.5 - 34.5 cm
Example: The average head circumference at birth is around 33.5 cm.
What is the head circumference at 1 year?
1 year 45 cm
No additional information provided.
What is the head circumference at 3 years?
3 years 47.5 cm
No additional information provided.
What is the head circumference at 12 years?
12 years 52.5 cm
No additional information provided.
What is the size of the anterior fontanelle?
Measures 4-5 cm in its transverse diameter (3 fingers)
Example: The anterior fontanelle is typically 4-5 cm in size.
How much does the anterior fontanelle close every 6 months?
Closes 1 ½ cm every 6 months till complete closure at 18 months
Additional information: The anterior fontanelle gradually closes over time.
At what age does the anterior fontanelle close?
Close at 18 months
Example: The anterior fontanelle usually closes around 18 months of age.
Compare muscle bulk and MAMC.
MAMC=MUAC-(Triceps skinfold thickness*3.14)
Muscle bulk=MUAC-(bone thickness by XR+SC tissue)
Mention centers of ossification at birth
At birth there are 6 centers of ossification:
Distal end of femur
Proximal end of tibia
Talus
Calcaneous
Cuboid
Head of humerus
Mention carpal centers’ time of appearance.
1st carpal center appears at 2 months (capitate)
• 2nd carpal center appears at the end of 1st year
• One carpal center appears each year, so that at 6 year there is 7 (7th is trapezoid)
carpal bones
• 8th center appears at age of 12 years (pisiform)
Primary teeth At 6 months
lower central incisors
Example sentence: The lower central incisors typically appear around 6 months of age.
